Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33868457›Full record

ReviewTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology2021

The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review.

Jordan E Axelrad, Ken H Cadwell, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Shailja C Shah

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
10.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. The Controversies in the Relationship BetweenJournal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Association ofWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Journal of inflammation research · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jordan E AxelradDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, NYU Langone Health, 305 East 33rd Street, Lower Level, New York, NY 10016, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1951-7790
Ken H CadwellDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Jean-Frederic ColombelDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Shailja C ShahSection of Gastroenterology, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-9959
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USNew York University · USUC San Diego Health System · US

Funding

Vaccine FacilityP30CA016087 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Richard Lewis Possemato · 1985 to 2026
$83.1M
Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases Extramural ResearchR01DK093668 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ken Hashigiwa Cadwell · 2011 to 2026
$7.3M
Redefining the role of autophagy in bacterial diseaseR01AI121244 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ken Hashigiwa Cadwell · 2017 to 2026
$5.6M
The role of autophagy gene Atg16L1 in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - Resubmission - 1R01HL123340 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CADWELL, KEN HASHIGIWA, VAN DEN BRINK, MARCEL R M · 2015 to 2022
$5.2M
Mechanisms of MRSA intestinal colonizationR01AI140754 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI SHOPSIN, BO · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Interactions between helminth colonization and the gut microbiotaR01AI130945 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CADWELL, KEN HASHIGIWA · 2018 to 2022
$3.3M
Host-pathogen interactions during hospital adaptation of MRSAR01AI137336 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI SHOPSIN, BO, YANAI, ITAI · 2019 to 2022
$3.3M
Mechanisms of fungal involvement during intestinal diseaseR01DK124336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ROUND, JUNE LOUISE · 2020 to 2023
$1.8M
The Role of Enteric Infection in Flares of Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseK23DK124570 · NIDDK · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI AXELRAD, JORDAN ERIC · 2021 to 2025
$998k
CSRD VA IK2 CX002027NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016087NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL123340NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI121244NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130945NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI137336NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI140754NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK124570NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK093668NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK124336
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, progressive, inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Imbalance in the gut microbial community, or dysbiosis, and the subsequent immune response, represent the critical relationship between genetic susceptibility, microbes, and environment factors, that result in IBD. Gastrointestinal pathogens - a common cause of dysbiosis - have been implicated as an environmental trigger in new onset IBD, as well as flare of existing IBD. In this article, we systematically review clinical data regarding the association between specific gastrointestinal pathogens and IBD. Numerous bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, and exacerbations of existing disease. In this article, we will also specifically discuss the less recognized microbes that have an inverse association with IBD, including certain bacterial pathogens, such as

Indexed as

Enteric infectionflaregastroenteritisinflammatory bowel diseasemicrobiomemucosal immunologypathogenesis

Identifiers

PMID33868457
PMCPMC8020742
OpenAlexW3149091971

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.