ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Low-Dose IL-2 Therapy in Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory interventions in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis revealing paradoxical dissociation between beta-cell preservation and glycemic control.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of interleukin-2-based immunotherapies in clinical trials for cancer and autoimmune diseases.EBioMedicine · 2023Pooled it
- IL-2 mutein-engrafted antibody MHS552 selectively expands functional regulatory T cells in nonclinical models and healthy participants.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Low-dose interleukin-2 in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Trial
- A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of low-dose interleukin-2 in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2023Trial
- Combination GLP-1RA and Low-Dose IL-2 Modulates Peripheral Immune Activation and Attenuates CNS Inflammatory Transcript Signatures In Vivo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- REJENERAInflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Engineering trispecific IL-2 receptor agonistic antibodies through geometry optimization for enhanced Treg targeting.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multivariate Temporal Inflammatory-Regenerative Signatures of Bovine Platelet-Rich Gel Supernatants Under Different Storage Temperatures.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- High-Throughput Phenotypic Screen to Identify FoxP3 Regulators in Primary T Cells.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Review
- IL-2 silencing enables Tfh cell expansion during vaccination but is redundant for antibody production.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Article
- The Nobel Prize honours the discovery of the natural barrier against autoimmunity - a breakthrough in tolerance reconstitution: how far are we from clinical impact?EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Review
- Low-dose IL-2 Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis in Rats by Restoring the CD4-positive Helper T-cell Balance Via the JAK/STAT5 Pathway.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Endogenous Hypersensitivity Infection: A Unifying Framework forMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Advances in understanding the Th17/Treg balance in systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for treatment and management.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- IL-15 in alopecia areata: the immune tolerance mechanistic insights and translational perspectives.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Acid-Responsive Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Core-Shell Nanovesicles Loaded with Interleukin-2 Nanoplatforms Selectively Expand Regulatory T Cells to Reconstruct Immunometabolic Homeostasis in Diabetic Neuropathy.Biomaterials research · 2026Article
- The role of the neuro-immune-bone axis in osteoporosis: from bone remodeling imbalance to multi-system interactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Case Report: IL2RA (CD25) deficiency: first reported cases in Morocco.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are crucial for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance and for the control of ongoing inflammation and autoimmunity. The cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) is essentially required for the growth and survival of Treg in the peripheral lymphatic tissues and thus plays a vital role in the biology of Treg. Most autoimmune and rheumatic diseases exhibit disturbances in Treg biology either at a numerical or functional level resulting in an imbalance between protective and pathogenic immune cells. In addition, in some autoimmune diseases, a relative deficiency of IL-2 develops during disease pathogenesis leading to a disturbance of Treg homeostasis, which further amplifies the vicious cycle of tolerance breach and chronic inflammation. Low-dose IL-2 therapy aims either to compensate for this IL-2 deficiency to restore a physiological state or to strengthen the Treg population in order to be more effective in counter-regulating inflammation while avoiding global immunosuppression. Here we highlight key findings and summarize recent advances in the clinical translation of low-dose IL-2 therapy for the treatment of autoimmune and rheumatic diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.