ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2021
Evolution of the Insulin Gene: Changes in Gene Number, Sequence, and Processing.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure during differentiation alters the proliferation-maturation balance in stem-cell islets.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Evolution of Insulin, Insulin-like Growth Factors, and Their Cognate Receptors in Vertebrates, Invertebrates, and Viruses.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Identification of insulin and glucagon genes in the finless porpoise and the developmental distribution of their producing endocrine cells.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Elucidation of the pramanicin biosynthetic pathway reveals a DUF2306 family membrane protein involved in terminal epoxidation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Insulin-like peptides and ovary ecdysteroidogenic hormone differentially stimulate physiological processes regulating egg formation in the mosquito Aedes aegypti.Insect biochemistry and molecular biology · 2023Article
- Variation of insulin-related peptides accompanying the differentiation ofEcology and evolution · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of the Melatonin Receptor Pathway Linking Circadian Rhythm to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Insulin: A connection between pancreatic β cells and the hypothalamus.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- Monitoring hormone and small molecule secretion dynamics from islets-on-chip.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- OVEREXPRESSION OF PTEN GENE INCREASES INS2 GENE MRNA EXPRESSION, NOT INS1 GENE MRNA EXPRESSION, IN INSULINOMA CELL LINE RIN-5F.Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Article
- OVEREXPRESSION OF PDX-1 GENE INCREASES INS1 GENE mRNA EXPRESSION, NOT INS2 GENE mRNA EXPRESSION, IN INSULINOMA CELL LINE RIN-5F.Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insulin has not only made major contributions to the field of clinical medicine but has also played central roles in the advancement of fundamental molecular biology, including evolution. Insulin is essential for the health of vertebrate species, yet its function has been modified in species-specific manners. With the advent of genome sequencing, large numbers of insulin coding sequences have been identified in genomes of diverse vertebrates and have revealed unexpected changes in the numbers of genes within genomes and in their sequence that likely impact biological function. The presence of multiple insulin genes within a genome potentially allows specialization of an insulin gene. Discovery of changes in proteolytic processing suggests that the typical two-chain hormone structure is not necessary for all of inulin's biological activities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.