ReviewInternational journal of biological sciences2021
Paradoxical HBsAg and anti-HBs coexistence among Chronic HBV Infections: Causes and Consequences.
Review in International journal of biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical significance and mutation analysis of HBsAg and Anti-HBs coexistence in Chronic Hepatitis B.Virus research · 2026Article
- Article
- Breaking the serologic rule: chronic hepatitis B with simultaneous HBsAg and anti-HBs positivity-a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- HBV reprograms the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Novel C-terminal HBx truncation (G135) in genotype D1 HBV: predicted effects on oncogenic signaling.Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Article
- Impact of hepatitis B virus surface antigen mutations in the major hydrophilic region on antigen detectability.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Population immunity to hepatitis B virus and infection marker seroprevalence in Belgrade, Serbia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of hepatitis B vaccine effectiveness among fully vaccinated healthcare workers in Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Dual defects in HBsAg antigenicity and secretion caused by the C138R mutation in the S gene trigger occult hepatitis B virus infection.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- High HBsAg clearance rate and viral dynamics in HBeAg-positive, ALT-normal children and adolescents with chronic HBV infection: results from the prospective sprout project.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Chronic and Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Pregnant Women in St. Petersburg, Russia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- HBsAg and anti-HBs coexistence in patients with HBV in acute and chronic phases.Virus research · 2025Article
- Functional Cure for Hepatitis B Virus: Challenges and Achievements.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mindray CL-900i assay: An effective assay for hepatitis B surface antigen screening with superior specificity.IJID regions · 2025Article
- PreS1 deletions in genotype C HBV leads to severe hepatic inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis via the IRE1-JNK axis.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- Detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies to hepatitis B virus core antigen in the clinical classification and epidemiological surveillance of HBV infection.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- The prognosis and immune repertoire characteristics of HBsAg and anti-HBs double positive chronic hepatitis B patients.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Unusual Concurrent HBsAg and Anti-HBs Positivity in Chronic Hepatitis B with Compensated Cirrhosis.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2025Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus in two major provinces of Pakistan.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Genetic variability of hepatitis B virus in acute and in different phases of chronic infection in Brazil.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) were reported simultaneously among Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. HBsAg is a specific indicator of acute or chronic HBV infections, while anti-HBs is a protective antibody reflecting the recovery and immunity of hosts. HBsAg and anti-HBs coexist during seroconversion and then form immune complex, which is rare detected in clinical cases. However, with the promotion of vaccination and the application of various antiviral drugs, along with the rapid development of medical technology, the coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs has become more prevalent. Mutations in the viral genomes, immune status and genetic factors of hosts may contribute to the coexistence. Novel HBsAg assays, with higher sensitivity and ability to detect mutations or immune complexes, can also yield HBsAg/anti-HBs coexistence. The discovery of coexistence has shattered the idea of traditional serological patterns and raised questions about the effectiveness of vaccines. Worth noting is that HBsAg/anti-HBs double positivity is strongly associated with progressive liver diseases, especially hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusion, viral mutations, host factors, and methodology impacts can all lead to the coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs. This coexistence is not an indicator of improvement, as an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes still exists.
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