ReviewEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis 3D vertebral morphology, progression and nomenclature: a current concepts review.
Review in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Application of Schroth exercise therapy in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Pooled it
- Scoliosis Induction in the Porcine Spine Using a Growth-Modulating Posterior Tether: Finite Element Model Development and Calibration.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Global evolution of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis research (1990-2025): a bibliometric and visualization analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Beyond the Curve: The Muscle-Specific Asymmetries of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.JOR spine · 2025Article
- miRNA-130b-3p upregulation impairs osteogenic differentiation in AIS patients by inhibiting the IGF1/ERK pathway.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Adolescent lumbar disc herniation: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment options.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Asymmetry in the Onset of Paraspinal Muscles Activity Differs in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis Compared With Those With a Symmetrical Spine.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Article
- Dystrophinopathy in the paravertebral muscle of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective case-control study in China.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
- Feasibility and age-related trends of a home-based online exercise program in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Segmental deformity markers offer novel indicators of deformity progression risk in deformity-matched adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.Spine deformity · 2024Article
- Assessing progressive changes in axial plane vertebral deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using sequential magnetic resonance imaging.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
- Rotation and Asymmetry of the Axial Plane Pelvis in Cerebral Palsy: A CT-Based Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- SCOLIONET: An Automated Scoliosis Cobb Angle Quantification Using Enhanced X-ray Images and Deep Learning Models.Journal of imaging · 2023Article
- Wedge-Shaped Deformity of the First Sacral Vertebra Associated with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comparison of Cases with and without Scoliosis.Spine surgery and related research · 2023Article
- Article
- A deep learning framework for vertebral morphometry and Cobb angle measurement with external validation.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThere has been a recent shift toward the analysis of the pathoanatomical variation of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) spine with the three dimensions, and research of level-wise vertebral body morphology in single anatomical planes is now replete within the field. In addition to providing a precise description of the osseous structures that are the focus of instrumented surgical interventions, understanding the anatomical variation between vertebral bodies will elucidate possible pathoaetiological mechanisms of the onset of scoliotic deformity.
methodsThis review aimed to discuss the current landscape of AIS segmental vertebral morphology research and provide a comprehensive report of the typical patterns observed at the individual vertebral level.
resultsWe have detailed how these vertebrae are typically characterised by lateral wedging to the convexity, have a marked degree of anterior overgrowth, are rotated towards the convexity, have inherent gyratory mechanical torsion created within them and are associated with pedicles on the concave side being narrower, longer and more laterally angled. For the most part, these findings are most pronounced at and around the apex of a scoliotic curve, with these deformations reducing towards junctional vertebrae. We have also summarised a nomenclature defined by the Scoliosis Research Society, highlighting the need for more consistent reporting of these level-wise dimensional anatomical changes.
conclusionFinally, we emphasised how a marked degree of heterogeneity exists between the included investigations, namely in scoliotic curve-type inclusion, imaging modality and timepoint of analysis within scoliosis' longitudinal development, and how improvement in these study design characteristics will enhance ongoing research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.