Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33865435›Full record

ArticleInfectious agents and cancer2021

Immunophenotypic characterization of TCR γδ T cells and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Christina K S Muller, Julian Spagnuolo, Annette Audigé, Andrew Chancellor, Doris Russenberger, Alexandra U Scherrer, Matthias Hoffmann, Roger Kouyos, Manuel Battegay, Gennaro De Libero and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious agents and cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 47% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. CD3Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Christina K S MullerDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Julian SpagnuoloDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Annette AudigéInstitute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Andrew ChancellorDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Doris RussenbergerDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Alexandra U ScherrerDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Matthias HoffmannDivision of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Cantonal Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Roger KouyosDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Manuel BattegayDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Gennaro De LiberoDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Roberto F SpeckDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. roberto.speck@usz.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8453-1137
Swiss HIV Cohort Study
University of Zurich · CHUniversity Hospital of Basel · CHUniversity Hospital of Zurich · CH

Funding

Swiss HIV Cohort Research Foundation 804
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite successful combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the risk of non-AIDS defining cancers (NADCs) remains higher for HIV-infected individuals than the general population. The reason for this increase is highly disputed. Here, we hypothesized that T-cell receptor (TCR) γδ cells and/or mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells might be associated with the increased risk of NADCs. γδ T cells and MAIT cells both serve as a link between the adaptive and the innate immune system, and also to exert direct anti-viral and anti-tumor activity.

methodsWe performed a longitudinal phenotypic characterization of TCR γδ cells and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), the most common type of NADCs. Cryopreserved PBMCs of HIV-infected individuals developing HL, matched HIV-infected controls without (w/o) HL and healthy controls were used for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry, including markers for activation, exhaustion and chemokine receptors.

resultsWe identified significant differences in the CD4

conclusionTCR Vδ1 and MAIT cells in HIV-infected individuals developing HL show subtle phenotypical differences as compared to the ones in HIV-infected controls, which may go along with functional impairment and thereby may be less efficient in detecting and eliminating malignant cells. Further, our results support the potential of longitudinal CD4

Indexed as

HIVHodgkin’s lymphomaMAIT cellsT-cell receptor (TCR) γδ cells

Identifiers

PMID33865435
PMCPMC8052713
OpenAlexW3155194706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.