ReviewRespiratory research2021
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis beyond the lung: understanding disease mechanisms to improve diagnosis and management.
Review in Respiratory research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine plus pirfenidone in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Protective effects and mechanism of curcumin in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics and Gastrointestinal Tolerability of Bersiporocin, a Novel Oral Prolyl-tRNA-Synthetase Inhibitor.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of bersiporocin, a novel prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor, in healthy subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2023Trial
- Obesity and the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a nationwide population-based study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Nedd4L-mediated stabilization of morphogenetic protein receptor 2 in lung fibroblasts confers protection against pulmonary fibrosis.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Sinigrin Mitigates Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis Partly through Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Signaling.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Targeting alveolar type II cell dysfunction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- mExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Review
- Inter-Organ Communication in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Systemic Modifiers of a Lung-Centered Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Type II alveolar epithelial cell-specific CAP1 loss is associated with spontaneous pulmonary fibrosis and altered complement 5 signaling.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Phloridzin mitigates bleomycin-elicited lung fibrosis in Wistar rats: The interplay between antioxidant defenses, inflammatory processes, transforming growth factor beta 1, and autophagy.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Exosomes as Disease-Informed Nanoplatforms for Pulmonary Fibrosis: From Pathogenic Signaling to Precision Diagnosis and Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- CSE Induces Lung Epithelial Cell-derived Exosomal LINC01133-mediated FOXA1 Activity Through SRSF6 to Affect MRC-5 Cellular Lipid Metabolism and Autophagy.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Comorbidity in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Evaluation Using the Charlson, TORVAN and GAP Indices.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Peptide Angio-3 Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis Via Modulation of the Coagulation Factor Xa-Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Signaling Axis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities promote oxidative stress and fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Highlights from the Italian National Congress of Imaging in Pulmonology 2025: fostering implementation of advanced technologies for precision patient-centered care.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Decoding Dysregulation of DNA Methylation in Epigenetics of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Canadian respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Simultaneous inhibition of ID1 and ID3 mitigates fibroblast activation via cell cycle and MEK/ERK pathways in pulmonary fibrosis.Theranostics · 2026Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disorder with an estimated median survival time of 3-5 years after diagnosis. This condition occurs primarily in elderly subjects, and epidemiological studies suggest that the main risk factors, ageing and exposure to cigarette smoke, are associated with both pulmonary and extrapulmonary comorbidities (defined as the occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual). Ageing and senescence, through interactions with environmental factors, may contribute to the pathogenesis of IPF by various mechanisms, causing lung epithelium damage and increasing the resistance of myofibroblasts to apoptosis, eventually resulting in extracellular matrix accumulation and pulmonary fibrosis. As a paradigm, syndromes featuring short telomeres represent archetypal premature ageing syndromes and are often associated with pulmonary fibrosis. The pathophysiological features induced by ageing and senescence in patients with IPF may translate to pulmonary and extrapulmonary features, including emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer, coronary artery disease, gastro-oesophageal reflux, diabetes mellitus and many other chronic diseases, which may lead to substantial negative consequences in terms of various outcome parameters in IPF. Therefore, the careful diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities may represent an outstanding chance to improve quality of life and survival, and it is necessary to contemplate all possible management options for IPF, including early identification and treatment of comorbidities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.