Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33864785›Full record

ArticleExperimental eye research2021

Long-term multimodal imaging characterization of persistent retinal neovascularization using DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid in pigmented and white rabbits.

Yixin Yu, Yu Qin, Julia Fu, Yanxiu Li, Wei Zhang, Tianye Zhu, Longtan Jiang, Xueding Wang, Yannis M Paulus

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental eye research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Long-Term Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment Using Silicon Nanoneedles.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Yixin YuDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Yu QinDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Julia FuDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Yanxiu LiDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Tianye ZhuDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Longtan JiangDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Xueding WangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Yannis M PaulusDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: ypaulus@med.umich.edu.
University of Michigan · USCentral South University · CN

Funding

VIVARIUM MODULEP30EY007003 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI David Antonetti · 1987 to 2026
$17.6M
Precisely removing microvessels by photo-mediated ultrasound therapyR01EY029489 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE · PI YANG, XINMAI · 2018 to 2021
$1.8M
Real-time In Vivo Visualization of the Molecular Processes in Choroidal NeovascularizationK08EY027458 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI PAULUS, YANNIS MANTAS · 2018 to 2021
$898k
Novel Nanosecond Laser and Ultrasound to Selectively Treat Eye Blood VesselsR41EY031219 · NEI · PHOTOSONOX LLC · PI PAULUS, YANNIS MANTAS · 2020 to 2020
$225k
NEI NIH HHS K08 EY027458NEI NIH HHS P30 EY007003NEI NIH HHS R01 EY029489NEI NIH HHS R41 EY031219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIntravitreal (IVT) injection of DL-alpha-aminoadipic acid (AAA) is a new animal model for retinal neovascularization (RNV) reported in rabbits. This study performs longitudinal multimodal imaging for up to 1 year to evaluate DL-AAA RNV in both New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits and Dutch-Belted pigmented (DBP) rabbits.

methodDetailed characterization and quantification of this model were performed in these two strains in 32 eyes by optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography (FA) for up to 16 weeks following DL-AAA administration in 32 eyes and up to 52 weeks in 5 eyes. H & E histology was also performed in these two strains 8 weeks after injection of DL-AAA.

resultRNV was successfully generated using 50 μL 80 mM DL-AAA solution for DBP rabbits and 80 μL 80 mM DL-AAA for NZW rabbits. The incidence of persistent vascular leakage is 100% (15/15) for DBP rabbits and 70.6% (12/17) for NZW rabbits at 16 weeks. Complications with NZW rabbits ultimately decreased the efficiency in NZW rabbits to 58.8% (10/17) of NZW rabbits getting persistent (to 16 weeks) vascular leakage without ocular complications as compared with 100% (15/15) in DBP rabbits. Five eyes (2 DBP and 3 NZW) were selected from those demonstrating RNV at 16 weeks and were monitored for up to 52 weeks. All 5 demonstrated persistent RNV to 52 weeks. Quantification of the mean leakage area (MLA) in DBP rabbits is more accurate than in NZW rabbits since the reduced contrast between the leakage and background in NZW rabbits makes it more challenging to quantify.

conclusionDL-AAA can induce persistent and quantifiable RNV in both DBP and NZW rabbits. DBP rabbits have a higher success rate, lower required volume of DL-AAA, and more accurate method for quantification that could be more desirable.

Indexed as

2-Aminoadipic AcidAnimalsCapillary PermeabilityDisease Models, AnimalExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFluorescein AngiographyFollow-Up StudiesIntravitreal InjectionsMultimodal ImagingRabbitsRetinaRetinal NeovascularizationTomography, Optical Coherence2-Aminoadipic AcidExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsAnimal modelDL-AAADL-alpha-aminoadipic acidMultimodal imagingRabbit modelRetinal neovascularization

Identifiers

PMID33864785
PMCPMC8187339
OpenAlexW3154697093

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.