ArticleArchives of microbiology2021
The alarming association between antibiotic resistance and reduced susceptibility to biocides in nosocomial MRSA isolates from two regional hospitals in Egypt.
Article in Archives of microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of Erythromycin and Erythromycin-Induced Resistance amongAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Investigating the relation between resistance pattern and type of Staphylococcal cassette chromosomeIranian journal of microbiology · 2022Article
- Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2026-05-06Duplication of/in Image · Euphemisms for Duplication · Objections by Author(s) · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available · Unreliable Data · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/DD92E7469EBA39BC43CCED81B23B8E
- Retracted
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major clinical problems in hospitals because of its resistance to many antimicrobials. Biocides are used in hospitals to control nosocomial infections. This work aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of integrons and reduced susceptibility to both biocides and antimicrobials in nosocomial multidrug-resistant (MDR)-MRSA isolates. A total of 114 clinical and eight environmental MRSA isolates were collected from Zagazig University Hospitals and El-Ahrar Educational Hospital, Egypt. These isolates were identified as MRSA by disk diffusion method (DDM) and confirmed by PCR. Susceptibility profile against 12 antibiotics and five biocides was determined by DDM and agar dilution method, respectively. Presence of integrons was investigated by PCR in MDR isolates. Seventy-five clinical and six environmental isolates were MDR and had reduced susceptibility to biocides. Class I integron was detected in plasmid DNA of 34 isolates and genomic DNA of 14 isolates. Meanwhile, class II integron was only detected in plasmid DNA of 10 clinical isolates. This study revealed a high prevalence of MDR-MRSA clinical and environmental isolates, both had reduced susceptibility to investigated biocides. Class I integron was more predominant in plasmid DNA of isolates, indicating that plasmid is a major carrier for integrons that transfer resistance genes. In conclusion, the association between antibiotic resistance and biocides reduced susceptibility is alarming. The selection of curative antibiotic should depend on the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Furthermore, biocides should always be used at appropriate concentrations to prevent the evolution of resistance and to control the hospital-transmission of MRSA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.