Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33863979›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2021

CryoET structures of immature HIV Gag reveal six-helix bundle.

Luiza Mendonça, Dapeng Sun, Jiying Ning, Jiwei Liu, Abhay Kotecha, Mateusz Olek, Thomas Frosio, Xiaofeng Fu, Benjamin A Himes, Alex B Kleinpeter and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Mechanisms of HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Synthesis ofMagnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC · 2026
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  14. Membrane bending energy selects for compact growth of protein assemblies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Luiza MendonçaDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9210-9139
Dapeng SunDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0220-8844
Jiying NingDepartment of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jiwei LiuDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Abhay KotechaThermo Fisher Scientific, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4480-5439
Mateusz OlekElectron Bio-Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6347-9587
Thomas FrosioElectron Bio-Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
Xiaofeng FuDepartment of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Benjamin A HimesDepartment of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Alex B KleinpeterVirus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5630-1345
Eric O FreedVirus-Cell Interaction Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
Jing ZhouDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Christopher AikenDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Peijun ZhangDivision of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. peijun.zhang@strubi.ox.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-1803-691X
Centre for Human Genetics · GBUniversity of Pittsburgh · USDiamond Light Source · GBNational Cancer Institute · USVanderbilt University Medical Center · USThermo Fisher Scientific (Netherlands) · NL

Funding

X-Ray Core P50GM082251 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI ENGELMAN, ALAN N. · 2007 to 2018
$48.1M
Technology Development 2: MAS NMR and dynamic nuclear polarization for HIV-1 structural biologyP50AI150481 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI GRONENBORN, ANGELA M. · 2019 to 2021
$14.1M
HIV-1 Gag Assembly and MaturationZIABC011720 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI FREED, ERIC · 2016 to 2025
$7.2M
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/S003339/1Department of HealthMedical Research CouncilNIAID NIH HHS P50 AI150481NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM082251Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 203141/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 206422/Z/17/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gag is the HIV structural precursor protein which is cleaved by viral protease to produce mature infectious viruses. Gag is a polyprotein composed of MA (matrix), CA (capsid), SP1, NC (nucleocapsid), SP2 and p6 domains. SP1, together with the last eight residues of CA, have been hypothesized to form a six-helix bundle responsible for the higher-order multimerization of Gag necessary for HIV particle assembly. However, the structure of the complete six-helix bundle has been elusive. Here, we determined the structures of both Gag in vitro assemblies and Gag viral-like particles (VLPs) to 4.2 Å and 4.5 Å resolutions using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging by emClarity. A single amino acid mutation (T8I) in SP1 stabilizes the six-helix bundle, allowing to discern the entire CA-SP1 helix connecting to the NC domain. These structures provide a blueprint for future development of small molecule inhibitors that can lock SP1 in a stable helical conformation, interfere with virus maturation, and thus block HIV-1 infection.

Indexed as

Electron Microscope TomographyCryoelectron Microscopygag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV-1gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Identifiers

PMID33863979
PMCPMC8052356
OpenAlexW3153404887

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.