ArticleArthritis research & therapy2021
Toll-like receptor 2 induced senescence in intervertebral disc cells of patients with back pain can be attenuated by o-vanillin.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll-like receptor 2 modulates age-associated insulitis and fibrotic remodeling of Langerhans islets.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Closing the gap in aging science: unlocking the potential of nanoparticles in senescence therapy.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- Senolytic Therapy as a Preventive Strategy for Spine Degeneration and Pain.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Technical insights and implications of thoracolumbar spine and neural tissue harvesting in recently deceased organ donors: a direct anterior approach integrated into multi-organ procurement protocols.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- The role and potential therapeutic intervention of cellular senescence in intervertebral disc degeneration.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting breast cancer senescence in 3D models of bone metastasis.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Beyond miRNA Cargo Profiles: Anti-Inflammatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicle-Enriched miRNAs Derived From Human Intervertebral Disc Cells Unveiled by Functional Testing.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 drives liver senescence and fibrosis in aging through gut-derived microbial signaling.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- Cleaning, Chasing and Calming: Promising Paradigms of Senotherapy in Aging-Related Diseases.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal diseases: biological mechanisms and clinical implications.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Natural Products as Anti-Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) Agents.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Reversing coma by senolytics and stem cells: the future is now.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Hepatocytes as Model for Investigating Natural Senotherapeutic Compounds and Their Effects on Cell Cycle Dynamics and Genome Stability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Therapeutic effects of PDGF-AB/BB against cellular senescence in human intervertebral disc.eLife · 2025Article
- The context-dependent effect of cellular senescence: From embryogenesis and wound healing to aging.Ageing research reviews · 2025Review
- GM@mTG-V microspheres promote NP regeneration by reconstructing IVD biomechanics and inflammatory microenvironment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Therapeutic effects of PDGF-AB/BB against cellular senescence in human intervertebral disc.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Senolytic treatment for low back pain.Science advances · 2025Article
- Identification and characterization of senescent macrophages in renal allograft rejection: a cross-species MultiOmics study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is an increased level of senescent cells and toll-like teceptor-1, -2, -4, and -6 (TLR) expression in degenerating intervertebral discs (IVDs) from back pain patients. However, it is currently not known if the increase in expression of TLRs is related to the senescent cells or if it is a more general increase on all cells. It is also not known if TLR activation in IVD cells will induce cell senescence.
methodsCells from non-degenerate human IVD were obtained from spine donors and cells from degenerate IVDs came from patients undergoing surgery for low back pain. Gene expression of TLR-1,2,4,6, senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers was evaluated by RT-qPCR in isolated cells. Matrix synthesis was verified with safranin-O staining and Dimethyl-Methylene Blue Assay (DMMB) confirmed proteoglycan content. Protein expression of p16
resultsAn increase in senescent cells was found following 48-h induction with a TLR-2/6 agonist in cells from both non-degenerate and degenerating human IVDs. Higher levels of SASP factors, TLR-2 gene expression, and protein expression were found following 48-h induction with TLR-2/6 agonist. Treatment with o-vanillin reduced the number of senescent cells, and increased matrix synthesis in IVD cells from back pain patients. Treatment with o-vanillin after induction with TLR-2/6 agonist reduced gene and protein expression of SASP factors and TLR-2. Co-localized staining of p16
conclusionsTaken together our data demonstrate that activation of TLR-2/6 induce senescence and increase TLR-2 and SASP expression in cells from non-degenerate IVDs of organ donors without degeneration and back pain and in cells from degenerating human IVD of patients with disc degeneration and back pain. The senescent cells showed high TLR-2 expression suggesting a link between TLR activation and cell senescence in human IVD cells. The reduction in senescence, SASP, and TLR-2 expression suggest o-vanillin as a potential disease-modifying drug for patients with disc degeneration and back pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.