Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33862272›Full record

SynthesisJournal of sport and health science2021

A systematic review of running-related musculoskeletal injuries in runners.

Nicolas Kakouris, Numan Yener, Daniel T P Fong

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of sport and health science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07741539 (THE IMPACT OF A MULTICOMPONENT EXERCISE PROGRAM ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE, PHYSICAL PARAMETERS, AND INJURY REDUCTION IN RECREATIONAL RUNNERS), which is not on this map. Cited by 117 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07741539 nasuspendednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The impact of a multicomponent exercise program on athletic performance, physical parameters, and injury reduction in recreational runners: a randomized controlled trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorYeditepe UniversityRan2025 to 2027Enrolled29ConditionsInjury of Body Region, Performance Enhancement, Aerobic Fitness (VO2max), Muscle Strength DevelopmentArmsMulticomponent Exercise Program, Traditional Exercise Program
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Assessing running stability: a systematic review of methods.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026
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  6. Magnetic resonance imaging is able to detect patellofemoral focal cartilage injuries: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023
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57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nicolas KakourisNational Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
Numan YenerNational Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
Daniel T P FongNational Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK. Electronic address: d.t.fong@lboro.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveRunning-related musculoskeletal injuries (RRMIs), especially stemming from overuse, frequently occur in runners. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and determine the incidence and prevalence proportion of RRMIs by anatomic location and specific pathology.

methodsAn electronic database search with no date beginning restrictions was performed in SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and MEDLINE up to June 2020. Prospective studies were used to find the anatomic location and the incidence proportion of each RRMI, whereas retrospective or cross-sectional studies were used to find the prevalence proportion of each RRMI. A separate analysis for ultramarathon runners was performed.

resultsThe overall injury incidence and prevalence were 40.2% ± 18.8% and 44.6% ± 18.4% (mean ± SD), respectively. The knee, ankle, and lower leg accounted for the highest proportion of injury incidence, whereas the knee, lower leg, and foot/toes had the highest proportion of injury prevalence. Achilles tendinopathy (10.3%), medial tibial stress syndrome (9.4%), patellofemoral pain syndrome (6.3%), plantar fasciitis (6.1%), and ankle sprains (5.8%) accounted for the highest proportion of injury incidence, whereas patellofemoral pain syndrome (16.7%), medial tibial stress syndrome (9.1%), plantar fasciitis (7.9%), iliotibial band syndrome (7.9%), and Achilles tendinopathy (6.6%) had the highest proportion of injury prevalence. The ankle (34.5%), knee (28.1%), and lower leg (12.9%) were the 3 most frequently injured sites among ultramarathoners.

conclusionThe injury incidence proportions by anatomic location between ultramarathoners and non-ultramarathoners were not significantly different (p = 0.798). The pathologies with the highest incidence proportion of injuries were anterior compartment tendinopathy (19.4%), patellofemoral pain syndrome (15.8%), and Achilles tendinopathy (13.7%). The interpretation of epidemiological data in RRMIs is limited due to several methodological issues encountered.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesHumansIncidenceMusculoskeletal SystemPrevalenceRunningEpidemiologyInjuryInjury preventionRehabilitationRunning

Identifiers

PMID33862272
PMCPMC8500811

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.