Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33861950›Full record

ArticleCell2021

Emergence and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Nicole L Washington, Karthik Gangavarapu, Mark Zeller, Alexandre Bolze, Elizabeth T Cirulli, Kelly M Schiabor Barrett, Brendan B Larsen, Catelyn Anderson, Simon White, Tyler Cassens and 44 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 256 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
256citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

256 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Cross-reactive sarbecovirus antibodies induced by mosaic RBD nanoparticles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Low-frequency CD8NPJ vaccines · 2024
    Article
  20. Observational

196 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

54 authors.

Nicole L WashingtonHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA. Electronic address: nicole.washington@helix.com.
Karthik GangavarapuDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: gkarthik@scripps.edu.
Mark ZellerDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alexandre BolzeHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Elizabeth T CirulliHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Kelly M Schiabor BarrettHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Brendan B LarsenDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Catelyn AndersonDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Simon WhiteHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Tyler CassensHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Sharoni JacobsHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Geraint LevanHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Jason NguyenHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Jimmy M RamirezHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Charlotte Rivera-GarciaHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Efren SandovalHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Xueqing WangHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
David WongHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Emily SpencerDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Refugio Robles-SikisakaDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Ezra KurzbanDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Laura D HughesDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92122, USA.
Xianding DengDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Candace WangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Venice ServellitaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Holly ValentineUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Peter De HoffUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Phoebe SeaverUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Shashank SatheUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Kimberly GietzenIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Brad SicklerIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Jay AnticoIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Kelly HoonIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Jingtao LiuIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Aaron HardingSharp Healthcare, San Diego, CA 92111, USA.
Omid BakhtarSharp Healthcare, San Diego, CA 92111, USA.
Tracy BaslerSan Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA 92101, USA.
Brett AustinSan Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA 92101, USA.
Duncan MacCannellOffice of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Magnus IsakssonHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Phillip G FebboIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
David BeckerHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Marc LaurentHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Eric McDonaldSan Diego County Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA 92101, USA.
Gene W YeoUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Rob KnightUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Louise C LaurentUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Eileen de FeoIllumina, San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
Michael WorobeyDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Charles Y ChiuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Marc A SuchardDepartment of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, and Departments of Biomathematics and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
James T LuHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
William LeeHelix, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
Kristian G AndersenDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92122, USA. Electronic address: andersen@scripps.edu.

Funding

Technology CoreU19AI135995 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Kristian Graugaard Andersen · 2018 to 2026
$32.0M
Scripps Translational Science InstituteUL1TR002550 · NCATS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI TOPOL, ERIC JEFFREY · 2018 to 2022
$28.9M
West African Emerging Infectious Disease Research Center (WA-EIDRC)U01AI151812 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ANDERSEN, KRISTIAN GRAUGAARD, GARRY, ROBERT F · 2020 to 2024
$13.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002550NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI151812NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI135995
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The highly transmissible B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2, first identified in the United Kingdom, has gained a foothold across the world. Using S gene target failure (SGTF) and SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequencing, we investigated the prevalence and dynamics of this variant in the United States (US), tracking it back to its early emergence. We found that, while the fraction of B.1.1.7 varied by state, the variant increased at a logistic rate with a roughly weekly doubling rate and an increased transmission of 40%-50%. We revealed several independent introductions of B.1.1.7 into the US as early as late November 2020, with community transmission spreading it to most states within months. We show that the US is on a similar trajectory as other countries where B.1.1.7 became dominant, requiring immediate and decisive action to minimize COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.

Indexed as

COVID-19Models, BiologicalSARS-CoV-2FemaleHumansMaleUnited States501Y.V1B.1.1.7COVID-19genomic epidemiologySARS-CoV-2variant of concernVOC-202012/01

Identifiers

PMID33861950
PMCPMC8009040

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.