Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33861938›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational and environmental hygiene

COVID-19 and mental health of food retail, food service, and hospitality workers.

Marie-Anne S Rosemberg, Mackenzie Adams, Carri Polick, Wei V Li, Jenny Dang, Jenny Hsin-Chun Tsai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The Health of Those Who Feed Us: An Assessment of Health Inequities Along the United States Food Chain.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Mental Health and Well-Being Needs among Non-Health Essential Workers during Recent Epidemics and Pandemics.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Marie-Anne S RosembergDepartment of Systems, Populations and Leadership, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0536-2062
Mackenzie AdamsSchool of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Carri PolickSchool of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Wei V LiSchool of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jenny DangCollege of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jenny Hsin-Chun TsaiDepartment of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington DC, USA.

Funding

Complexity: Innovations in Promoting Health through Team ScienceT32NR016914 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MARJORIE E MCCULLAGH · 2017 to 2026
$3.5M
NINR NIH HHS T32 NR016914NIOSH CDC HHS T42 OH008433
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The coronavirus pandemic has taken a detrimental toll on the lives of individuals globally. In addition to the direct effect (e.g., being infected with the virus), this pandemic has negatively ravaged many industries, particularly food retail, food services, and hospitality. Given the novelty of the disease, the true impact of COVID-19 remains to be determined. Because of the nature of their work, and the characteristics of the workers, individuals in the food retail, food service, and hospitality industries are a group whose vulnerability is at its most fragile state during this pandemic. Through this qualitative study, we explored workers' perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on their mental health and coping, including screening for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder symptoms. Twenty-seven individual interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four key themes emerged: being infected and infecting others, the unknown, isolation, and work and customer demands. Considering the many uncertainties of COVID-19, workers in these three industries were experiencing heightened levels of mental distress because of where they worked and the already existing disparities they faced on a daily basis before the pandemic started. Yet they remained hopeful for a better future. More studies are needed to fully understand the magnitude, short-term, and long-term effects of COVID-19. Based on this study's findings, programs are critically needed to promote positive coping behaviors among at-risk and distressed workers. Recommendations for employers, occupational health and safety professionals, and policy stakeholders to further support these service workers are discussed.

Indexed as

Occupational StressAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultAlcoholismCommerceCOVID-19FemaleFood ServicesHumansMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedOccupational ExposureQualitative ResearchStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSurveys and QuestionnairesCopingcoronavirusessential workersfrontline workerslow-wage workersservice workersvulnerable workers

Identifiers

PMID33861938
PMCPMC8720174

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.