Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33860786›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2021

Psychopathological Syndromes Across Affective and Psychotic Disorders Correlate With Gray Matter Volumes.

Frederike Stein, Tina Meller, Katharina Brosch, Simon Schmitt, Kai Ringwald, Julia Katharina Pfarr, Susanne Meinert, Katharina Thiel, Hannah Lemke, Lena Waltemate and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Disorganisation and depression: a re-examination of how we think and speak when depressed.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026
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  7. Neural correlates of inattention in adults with ADHD.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025
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  8. Article
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  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Hippocampal circuit dysfunction in psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2022
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Frederike SteinDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Tina MellerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0239-6585
Katharina BroschDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Simon SchmittDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Kai RingwaldDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Julia Katharina PfarrDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Susanne MeinertDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Katharina ThielDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Hannah LemkeDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Lena WaltemateDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7331-0534
Dominik GrotegerdDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Nils OpelDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Andreas JansenDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Igor NenadićDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0749-7473
Udo DannlowskiDepartment of Psychiatry University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Axel KrugDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Tilo KircherDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2514-2625
Philipps University of Marburg · DEUniversity of Münster · DEUniversity of Bonn · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMore than a century of research on the neurobiological underpinnings of major psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder [MDD], bipolar disorder [BD], schizophrenia [SZ], and schizoaffective disorder [SZA]) has been unable to identify diagnostic markers. An alternative approach is to study dimensional psychopathological syndromes that cut across categorical diagnoses. The aim of the current study was to identify gray matter volume (GMV) correlates of transdiagnostic symptom dimensions.

methodsWe tested the association of 5 psychopathological factors with GMV using multiple regression models in a sample of N = 1069 patients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for MDD (n = 818), BD (n = 132), and SZ/SZA (n = 119). T1-weighted brain images were acquired with 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and preprocessed with CAT12. Interactions analyses (diagnosis × psychopathological factor) were performed to test whether local GMV associations were driven by DSM-IV diagnosis. We further tested syndrome specific regions of interest (ROIs).

resultsWhole brain analysis showed a significant negative association of the positive formal thought disorder factor with GMV in the right middle frontal gyrus, the paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome in the right fusiform, and the left middle frontal gyri. ROI analyses further showed additional negative associations, including the negative syndrome with bilateral frontal opercula, positive formal thought disorder with the left amygdala-hippocampus complex, and the paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome with the left angular gyrus. None of the GMV associations interacted with DSM-IV diagnosis.

conclusionsWe found associations between psychopathological syndromes and regional GMV independent of diagnosis. Our findings open a new avenue for neurobiological research across disorders, using syndrome-based approaches rather than categorical diagnoses.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderMajor Depressive DisorderPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAdultFemaleGray MatterHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleSyndromedimensionalmajor psychiatric disorderstransdiagnosticvoxel-based morphometry

Identifiers

PMID33860786
PMCPMC8530386
OpenAlexW3156526356

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.