ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Lessons From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Trials in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Toxicity Profiles of Systemic Therapies for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- SAMSN1 restrains NK cell mediated anti-tumor immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Preoperative gut microbiota combined with machine learning for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptomes Reveal Exhausted Signature in Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Genes · 2025Article
- A Metrology Informatics Investigation of Conversion Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: 2014-2023.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Article
- Article
- Decoding the heterogeneity of liver-resident macrophages in chronic liver diseases: therapeutic responses to immunomodulatory strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Sophisticated roles of tumor microenvironment in resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2025Review
- The Impact of Infections in Patients Treated with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Improving the Conversion Success Rate of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Focus on the Use of Combination Therapy with a High Objective Response Rate.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Deconvolution of bulk gene expression profiles reveals the association between immune cell polarization and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Serum CXCL5 Detects Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Indicates Tumor Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Simultaneous and Sequential Use of Molecular Targeted Agents Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Real-World Practice in China.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2023Article
- The Characteristics of Transcription Factors Regulating T Cell Exhaustion Were Analyzed to Predict the Prognosis and Therapeutic Effect in Patients with HCC.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- IgG-based B7-H3xCD3 bispecific antibody for treatment of pancreatic, hepatic and gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Role of immunotherapy in downsizing hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation.World journal of transplantation · 2022Review
- A narrative review of systemic treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma: state of the art review.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Review
- Targets of immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: An update.World journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Dynamics in Circulating Proinflammatory Biomarkers for Prognostic Assessment of Patients With Advanced HCC - A Substudy From the SORAMIC Trial.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma with multiple lung metastasis completely cured using nivolumab: a case report.Journal of liver cancer · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) into the clinical management of different malignancies has largely changed our understanding of cancer treatment. After having proven efficacy in different tumor entities such as malignant melanoma and lung cancer, ICI were intensively tested in the setting of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here they could achieve higher and more durable response rates compared to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI), that were sole standard of care for the last decade. Most recently, ICI treatment was approved in a first line setting of HCC, for cases not suitable for curative strategies. However, only a subset of patients benefits from ICI therapy, while others experience rapid tumor progression, worsening of liver function and poor prognosis. Efforts are being made to find immune characteristics that predict tumor responsiveness to ICI, but no reliable biomarker could be identified so far. Nevertheless, data convincingly demonstrate that combination therapies (such as dual inhibition of PD-L1 and VEGF) are more effective than the application of single agents. In this review, we will briefly recapitulate the current algorithms for systemic treatment, discuss available results from checkpoint inhibitor trials and give an outlook on future directions of immunotherapy in HCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.