ArticleScientific reports2021
HIV clinical stages and lower extremity arterial disease among HIV infected outpatients in Burundi.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Epidemiology of Amputation-Related Disability From 1990 to 2021: Geographic Variation and Projections to 2050.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Peripheral Arterial Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus in chronic limb-threatening ischaemia: Risk factors, management, and outcomes: A South African retrospective cohort study.Journal of the colleges of medicine of South Africa · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis amongst adults living with HIV in University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
- The Global Epidemiological Transition in Cardiovascular Diseases: Unrecognised Impact of Endemic Infections on Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
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Abstract
Chronic disease of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are now approaching those of the general population. Previous, in vitro studies shown that HIV causes arterial injuries resulting in inflammation and atherosclerosis but direct relationship between HIV infection clinical stages and lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) remain controversial. No study assessed, with an accurate method, both the prevalence of LEAD and the influence of HIV severity on LEAD in HIV outpatients in Central Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 HIV-infected outpatients, aged ≥ 40 years in Bujumbura, Burundi. All patients underwent ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement and LEAD was diagnosed by ABI ≤ 0.9. The prevalence of LEAD was 17.3% (CI 95% 13.2-22.1). The mean age was 49.6 ± 7.1 years. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with LEAD were hypertension (OR = 2.42; 95% CI 1.10-5.80), and stage IV HIV clinical infection (OR = 4.92, 95% CI 1.19-20.36). This is the first study performed on a large HIV population in Central Africa, reporting high LEAD prevalence. It underlines the influence of HIV infection on peripheral atherosclerosis at latest clinical stages and the need for LEAD screening in HIV-infected patients.
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