ArticleScientific reports2021
Cannabis sativa terpenes are cannabimimetic and selectively enhance cannabinoid activity.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- The monoterpenes ⍺-pinene and limonene augment or mitigate THC-induced impairments in sustained attention in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Neuropharmacology of Cannabinoids: A Comprehensive Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence for Hemp-Derived Extracts and Active Compounds.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol in Dietary Supplements: Characteristics, Routes of Administration, Bioavailability, and Research Challenges.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Assessment of the Acute Toxicity and Anxiolytic-Like Effect of α-Humulene in Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio).Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Genetic risk for schizophrenia modulates WIN 55,212-2 reward: Evidence from a heterozygous transmembrane domain neuregulin 1 mutant mouse model.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Exploring Linalool-Based Phytotherapy for Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Lavender and Cannabis Therapeutic Effects on Sleep, Seizures, and Cognition.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Review
- Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of minor cannabinoids in vivo.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Comparative Anti-Obesity Potential of Cannabigerol-DominantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cannabis sativa phytochemicals in cancer therapy: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Navigating dose-effect complexities and challenges in cannabinoid therapy for aging-related neurobiological changes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Vegetative and reproductive stage lighting interactions on flower yield, water use efficiency, terpenes, and cannabinoids of Cannabis sativa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Valorization of Thyme Combined with Phytocannabinoids as Anti-Inflammatory Agents for Skin Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Phytochemical Modulators of Nociception: A Review of Cannabis Terpenes in Chronic Pain Syndromes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Structural basis of the inhibition of TRPV1 by analgesic sesquiterpenes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Effects of five cannabis oils with different CBD: THC ratios and terpenes on hypertension, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and CB1 receptor in an experimental model.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Potential role of terpenes in recovery from olfactory dysfunction with olfactory training: a review.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Design and investigation of novel iridoid-based peptide conjugates for targeting EGFR and its mutants L858R and T790M/L858R/C797S: an in silico study.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- Terpene blends from Cannabis sativa are cannabimimetic and antinociceptive in a mouse chronic neuropathic pain model via activation of adenosine ANeuroscience letters · 2025Article
- Extraction of Cannabinoids and Terpenes from Hemp Flowers and Leaves (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- CANDI: a web server for predicting molecular targets and pathways of cannabis-based therapeutics.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Limited evidence has suggested that terpenes found in Cannabis sativa are analgesic, and could produce an "entourage effect" whereby they modulate cannabinoids to result in improved outcomes. However this hypothesis is controversial, with limited evidence. We thus investigated Cannabis sativa terpenes alone and with the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212 using in vitro and in vivo approaches. We found that the terpenes α-humulene, geraniol, linalool, and β-pinene produced cannabinoid tetrad behaviors in mice, suggesting cannabimimetic activity. Some behaviors could be blocked by cannabinoid or adenosine receptor antagonists, suggesting a mixed mechanism of action. These behavioral effects were selectively additive with WIN55,212, suggesting terpenes can boost cannabinoid activity. In vitro experiments showed that all terpenes activated the CB1R, while some activated other targets. Our findings suggest that these Cannabis terpenes are multifunctional cannabimimetic ligands that provide conceptual support for the entourage effect hypothesis and could be used to enhance the therapeutic properties of cannabinoids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.