ArticleScientific reports2021
Exendin-4 improves long-term potentiation and neuronal dendritic growth in vivo and in vitro obesity condition.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Signaling in Learning and Memory: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- 1,8-Cineole Alleviates PA-Induced Lipid Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exendin-4 protects brain endothelial cell damage against hyperammonemic condition.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- GLP-1 at the Metabolic-Cognitive Interface: Reward, Affect, and Memory.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- The promise of GLP-1 receptor agonists for neurodegenerative diseases.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Brain insulin resistance: a key pathological hub linking metabolic and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Emerging Frontiers in GLP-1 Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Evidence Base (2025).Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Recent advances in incretin-based therapy for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated to the type 2 diabetes mellitus: preclinical and clinical studies - a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Research on the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in treating cognitive dysfunction and gait disorders in elderly patients with diabetes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.Journal of biomedical science · 2024Review
- Cognitive Impairment and Synaptic Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disorders: The New Frontiers of the Heart-Brain Axis.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Exendin-4 Prevents Memory Loss and Neuronal Death in Rats with Sporadic Alzheimer-Like Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Positive Effects of Adiponectin, BDNF, and GLP-1 on Cortical Neurons Counteracting Palmitic Acid Induced Neurotoxicity.Clinical nutrition research · 2024Article
- Increased A1 astrocyte activation-driven hippocampal neural network abnormality mediates delirium-like behavior in aged mice undergoing cardiac surgery.Aging cell · 2024Article
- Profiling and Cellular Analyses of Obesity-Related circRNAs in Neurons and Glia under Obesity-like In Vitro Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: The Emerging Role of Cellular Lipotoxicity.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Article
- Exendin-4 Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis by Promoting the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RA) in Diabetes-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Review
- Oat Extract Avenanthramide-C Reverses Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation Decline in Tg2576 Mice.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes has emerged as a significant issue worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the relationship between metabolic imbalance and neurological pathologies such as memory loss. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secreted from gut L-cells and specific brain nuclei plays multiple roles including regulation of insulin sensitivity, inflammation and synaptic plasticity. Although GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists appear to have neuroprotective function, the specific mechanism of their action in brain remains unclear. We investigated whether exendin-4, as a GLP-1RA, improves cognitive function and brain insulin resistance in metabolic-imbalanced mice fed a high-fat diet. Considering the result of electrophysiological experiments, exendin-4 inhibits the reduction of long term potentiation (LTP) in high fat diet mouse brain. Further, we identified the neuroprotective effect of exendin-4 in primary cultured hippocampal and cortical neurons in in vitro metabolic imbalanced condition. Our results showed the improvement of IRS-1 phosphorylation, neuronal complexity, and the mature of dendritic spine shape by exendin-4 treatment in metabolic imbalanced in vitro condition. Here, we provides significant evidences on the effect of exendin-4 on synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, and neural structure. We suggest that GLP-1 is important to treat neuropathology caused by metabolic syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.