ArticleBMC medical imaging2021
Differentiation of brain metastases from small and non-small lung cancers using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps.
Article in BMC medical imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiparametric MRI characteristics for differentiating primary cancer origin in brain metastases.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Late enhancement and wash-out maps for differentiation of glioblastoma and metastases.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Classifying brain metastases originating from different pathological subtypes of lung cancer via a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging-based deep learning approach.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases: a retrospective study.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- Developing a predictive model and uncovering immune influences on prognosis for brain metastasis from lung carcinomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- De novo GTP synthesis is a metabolic vulnerability for the interception of brain metastases.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Differentiation between multifocal CNS lymphoma and glioblastoma based on MRI criteria.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Differentiation of multiple brain metastases and glioblastoma with multiple foci using MRI criteria.BMC medical imaging · 2024Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Towards updated understanding of brain metastasis.American journal of cancer research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastases are particularly common in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with NSCLC showing a less aggressive clinical course and lower chemo- and radio sensitivity compared to SCLC. Early adequate therapy is highly desirable and depends on a reliable classification of tumor type. The apparent diffusion coefficient is a noninvasive neuroimaging marker with the potential to differentiate between major histological subtypes. Here we determine the sensitivity and specificity of the apparent diffusion coefficient to distinguish between NSCLC and SCLC.
methodsWe enrolled all NSCLC and SCLC patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2019 at the University Medical Center Göttingen. Cranial MR scans were visually inspected for brain metastases and the ratio of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated by dividing the ADC measured within the solid part of a metastasis by a reference ADC extracted from an equivalent region in unaffected tissue on the contralateral hemisphere.
resultsOut of 411 enrolled patients, we detected 129 patients (83 NSCLC, 46 SCLC) with sufficiently large brain metastases with histologically classified lung cancer and no hemorrhage. We analyzed 185 brain metastases, 84 of SCLC and 101 of NSCLC. SCLC brain metastases showed an ADC ratio of 0.68 ± 0.12 SD, and NSCLC brain metastases showed an ADC ratio of 1.47 ± 0.31 SD. Receiver operating curve statistics differentiated brain metastases of NSCLC from SCLC with an area under the curve of 0.99 and a 95% CI of 0.98 to 1, p < 0.001. Youden's J cut-point is 0.97 at a sensitivity of 0.989 and a specificity of 0.988.
conclusionsIn patients with lung cancer and brain metastases with solid tumor parts, ADC ratio enables an ad hoc differentiation of SCLC and NSCLC, easily achieved during routine neuroradiological examination. Non-invasive MR imaging enables an early-individualized management of brain metastases from lung cancer.
trial registrationThe study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00023016).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.