ReviewTransplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.)2021
Gender and race/ethnicity differences in living kidney donor demographics: Preference or disparity?
Review in Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Addressing racial disparities in representation across blood, stem cell and organ and tissue donor pools.Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- Gender Differences in Willingness to Be Evaluated for Living Kidney Donation.Progress in transplantation (Aliso Viejo, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Perspectives of Transplant Professionals on Gender Differences in Living Kidney Donation.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Investigating the controversial link between pediatric obesity and graft survival in kidney transplantation.World journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Gender disparity in living organ donation: a qualitative analysis of experiences and perceptions of female donors in Pakistan.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Challenges of COVID: Lessons Learned From Living Kidney Donors' Experience.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- Developing an Analytic Tool Using a Participatory Research Approach to Examine Gender Differences in the Living Kidney Donation Process.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2025Article
- Relationships, race/ethnicity, gender, age, and living kidney donation evaluation willingness.Transplant immunology · 2024Article
- Intersectional race and gender disparities in kidney transplant access in the United States: a scoping review.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Systems Connected to Inequities in Access to Kidney Transplantation and the Value of Intersectionality.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Social network interventions to reduce race disparities in living kidney donation: Design and rationale of the friends and family of kidney transplant patients study (FFKTPS).Clinical transplantation · 2023Article
- Diversity bias in colorectal surgery: a global perspective.Updates in surgery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the United States, women are over-represented and Blacks are under-represented as living kidney donors. A traditional bioethics approach would state that as long as living donors believe that the benefits of participation outweigh the risks and harms (beneficence) and they give a voluntary and informed consent, then the demographics reflect a mere difference in preferences. Such an analysis, however, ignores the social, economic and cultural determinants as well as various forms of structural discrimination (e.g., racism, sexism) that may imply that the distribution is less voluntary than may appear initially. The distribution also raises justice concerns regarding the fair recruitment and selection of living donors. We examine the differences in living kidney donor demographics using a vulnerabilities analysis and argue that these gender and racial differences may not reflect mere preferences, but rather, serious justice concerns that need to be addressed at both the individual and systems level.
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Registered trials
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