ArticleCell host & microbe2021
Il4ra-independent vaginal eosinophil accumulation following helminth infection exacerbates epithelial ulcerative pathology of HSV-2 infection.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue adaptation of eosinophils.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Review
- Structure-guided screening of FAR-1 antagonists with multi-stage anthelmintic activity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- The female reproductive tract-gut axis in gastrointestinal parasitic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Impact ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Exploring Gene Expression Changes in Murine Female Genital Tract Tissues Following Single and Co-Infection withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Eosinophils-Induced Lumican Secretion by Synovial Fibroblasts Alleviates Cartilage Degradation via the TGF-β Pathway Mediated by Anxa1 Binding.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Characterization of microRNA Expression Profiles of Murine Female Genital Tracts FollowingMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Helminth Coinfections Modulate Disease Dynamics and Vaccination Success in the Era of Emerging Infectious Diseases.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Helminth infections affect host immune responses to viral infections and vaccines.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Exploring microRNA-Mediated Immune Responses to Soil-Transmitted Helminth and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Co-Infections.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Immunological Considerations for the Development of an Effective Herpes Vaccine.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Ally, adversary, or arbitrator? The context-dependent role of eosinophils in vaccination for respiratory viruses and subsequent breakthrough infections.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Systemic Immune Modulation by Gastrointestinal Nematodes.Annual review of immunology · 2024Review
- Walking a thin line between fixation and epitope binding - characterization of antigen retrieval methods suitable for eosinophil and HSV-2 staining in formalin-fixed female reproductive tissue.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2024Article
- Eosinophils promote CD8Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Herpes simplex virus type 2 in sub-Saharan Africa and the potential impact of helminth immune modulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The impact of helminth-induced immunity on infection with bacteria or viruses.Veterinary research · 2023Review
- Filariasis research - from basic research to drug development and novel diagnostics, over a decade of research at the Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Bonn, Germany.Frontiers in tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Induction of Siglec-FFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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17 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
How helminths influence the pathogenesis of sexually transmitted viral infections is not comprehensively understood. Here, we show that an acute helminth infection (Nippostrongylus brasiliensis [Nb]) induced a type 2 immune profile in the female genital tract (FGT). This leads to heightened epithelial ulceration and pathology in subsequent herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 infection. This was IL-5-dependent but IL-4 receptor alpha (Il4ra) independent, associated with increased FGT eosinophils, raised vaginal IL-33, and enhanced epithelial necrosis. Vaginal eosinophil accumulation was promoted by IL-33 induction following targeted vaginal epithelium damage from a papain challenge. Inhibition of IL-33 protected against Nb-exacerbated HSV-2 pathology. Eosinophil depletion reduced IL-33 release and HSV-2 ulceration in Nb-infected mice. These findings demonstrate that Nb-initiated FGT eosinophil recruitment promotes an eosinophil, IL-33, and IL-5 inflammatory circuit that enhances vaginal epithelial necrosis and pathology following HSV-2 infection. These findings identify a mechanistic framework as to how helminth infections can exacerbate viral-induced vaginal pathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.