ArticlePloS one2021
Cost of pre-exposure prophylaxis delivery in family planning clinics to prevent HIV acquisition among adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu, Kenya.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cost-effectiveness of providing pre-exposure and post-exposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV via online pharmacies in western Kenya: a modelling study.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Article
- Understanding the cost of pharmacy-delivered HIV pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis service delivery in Kenya: findings from pilot studies.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake, Implementation and Barriers in Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Opportunity for cost savings with a novel differentiated model of PrEP delivery: a comparative costing analysis of six-month PrEP supported by interim HIV self-testing and standard of care PrEP dispensing in Kenya.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Costs and outcomes of routine HIV oral pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation across different service delivery models and key populations in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2025Article
- Health and economic impact of oral PrEP provision across subgroups in western Kenya: a modelling analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Leveraging international stakeholders' experiences with oral PrEP costs to accelerate implementation of the monthly dapivirine vaginal ring: A qualitative study.Health research policy and systems · 2024Article
- Health impact, budget impact, and price threshold for cost-effectiveness of lenacapavir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in eastern and southern Africa: a modelling analysis.The lancet. HIV · 2024Article
- Implementation and resource needs for long-acting PrEP in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Estimating the cost of HIV services for key populations provided by the LINKAGES program in Kenya and Malawi.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- The early-stage comprehensive costs of routine PrEP implementation and scale-up in Zambia.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Nurse-Led Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Delivery to Adolescent Girls and Young Women Accessing Family Planning Services: A Pilot Study in Uganda.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACArticle
- Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Uptake and Acceptability Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Scoping Review of the Literature.American journal of men's healthArticle
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is increasingly being implemented in sub-Saharan Africa. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Kenya contribute more than half of all new infections among young people aged 15-24 years, highlighting the need for evidence on the cost of PrEP in real-world implementation to inform the budget impact, cost-effectiveness, and financial sustainability of PrEP programs.
methodsWe estimated the cost of delivering PrEP to AGYW enrolled in a PrEP implementation study in two family planning clinics in Kisumu county, located in western Kenya. We derived total annual costs and the average cost per client-month of PrEP by input type (variable or fixed) and visit type (initiation or follow-up). We estimated all costs as implemented in the study, and under implementation by the Kenyan Ministry of Health (MoH), both at the program volume observed and if the facilities were delivering PrEP at full capacity (scaled-MoH).
resultsFor the costing period between March 2018 and March 2019, 615 HIV-negative women contributed 1,128 (502 initiation and 626 follow-up) visits. The average cost per client-month of PrEP dispensed per study protocol and per the MoH scenario was $28.92 and $14.52, respectively. If the MoH scaled the program so that facilities could see PrEP clients at capacity, the average cost per client-month of PrEP was $10.88. Medication costs accounted for the largest proportion of the total annual costs (48% in MoH scenario and 65% in the scaled-MoH scenario).
conclusionsUsing data from a PrEP implementation program, we found that the cost per client-month of PrEP dispensed is reduced by 62% if PrEP delivery at the two clinics is scaled up by the MoH. Our findings are valuable for informing local resource allocation and budgetary cost projections for scale-up of PrEP delivery to AGYW. Additionally, previous cost-effectiveness studies have been limited by the use of fixed assumptions of the cost of PrEP per person-month. Our study provides cost estimates from practical data which will better inform cost-effectiveness and budget impact analyses.
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