ArticleACR open rheumatology2021
Gout, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and the Risk of Death Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Analysis of the UK Biobank.
Article in ACR open rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunoinflammatory evidence of rheumatoid arthritis caused by COVID-19.Biological research · 2025Pooled it
- Disparities in COVID-19 mortality amongst the immunosuppressed: A systematic review and meta-analysis for enhanced disease surveillance.The Journal of infection · 2024Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Outcomes in Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Pooled it
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 3.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 1.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- Identifying direct risk factors in UK Biobank via simultaneous Bayesian-frequentist model-averaged hypothesis testing using Doublethink.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and the risk of gout: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Dissecting clinical features of COVID-19 in a cohort of 21,312 acute care patients.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Factors associated with severe infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.Infection · 2024Article
- The serological immunogenicity of the third and fourth doses of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases on different biologic or targeted DMARDs: a Swedish nationwide study (COVID-19-REUMA).Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Outcomes of COVID-19 Omicron variant in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide Greek cohort study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Exploring the Relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and Uric Acid Levels With a Focus on Gout Patients: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2024Article
- Integrating transcriptomics, eQTL, and Mendelian randomization to dissect monocyte roles in severe COVID-19 and gout flare.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Omicron variant infection in inflammatory rheumatological conditions - outcomes from a COVID-19 naive population in Aotearoa New Zealand.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Rituximab is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective, nationally sampled cohort study from the U.S. National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C).Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2023Article
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 5.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- A predictive model for hospitalization and survival to COVID-19 in a retrospective population-based study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Outcomes of coronavirus disease 19 patients with a history of rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective registry-based study in Iran.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2022Article
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 4.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Article
- COVID-19 in people with rheumatic diseases: risks, outcomes, treatment considerations.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe objectives for this study were to assess whether gout and/or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis and to assess whether gout and/or RA are risk factors for death from COVID-19.
methodsWe used data from the UK Biobank. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was employed in the following analyses: analysis A, to test for association between gout and/or RA and COVID-19 diagnosis (n = 473,139); analysis B, to test for association between gout and/or RA and death from COVID-19 in a case-control cohort of people who died of or survived COVID-19 (n = 2059); analysis C, to test for association between gout and/or RA and death from COVID-19 in the entire UK Biobank cohort (n = 473,139).
resultsRA, but not gout, was associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in analysis A. Neither RA nor gout was associated with risk of death in the group diagnosed with COVID-19 in analysis B. However, RA was associated with risk of death related to COVID-19 by using the UK Biobank cohort in analysis C, independent of comorbidities and other measured risk factors (odds ratio [OR] 1.9; 95% confidence interval CI 1.2-3.0). Gout was not associated with death related to COVID-19 in the same UK Biobank analysis (OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.8-1.7).
conclusionRA is a risk factor for death from COVID-19 by using the UK Biobank cohort. These findings require replication in larger data sets that also allow for inclusion of a wider range of factors.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.