Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33856128›Full record

SynthesisPediatric pulmonology2022

Reliability of machine learning to diagnose pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Gonzalo C Gutiérrez-Tobal, Daniel Álvarez, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Félix Del Campo, David Gozal, Roberto Hornero

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pediatric pulmonology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Combined explainable deep learning model to predict pediatric sleep apnea from ECG and SpOMeasurement : journal of the International Measurement Confederation · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
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  6. Observational
  7. Nocturnal blood pressure burden: towards a better understanding of the OSA-hypertension relationship.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
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  11. An Explainable Deep-Learning Approach to Detect Pediatric Sleep Apnea From Single-Channel Airflow.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2025
    Article
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  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gonzalo C Gutiérrez-TobalBiomedical Engineering Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1237-3424
Daniel ÁlvarezBiomedical Engineering Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1027-2395
Leila Kheirandish-GozalDepartment of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, The University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3332-1057
Félix Del CampoBiomedical Engineering Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4554-2167
David GozalDepartment of Child Health, Child Health Research Institute, The University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8195-6036
Roberto HorneroBiomedical Engineering Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9915-2570

Funding

APP-mediated signaling, sleep perturbations, and Alzheimer's disease mouse modelsRF1AG061824 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI GOZAL, DAVID, PARENT, ANGELE · 2019 to 2019
$3.5M
HL - Exosomes, Blood, Brain Barrier, and Cognitive Function in Pediatric OSAR01HL130984 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI GOZAL, LEILA KHEIRANDISH · 2016 to 2020
$3.5M
Plasma Exosomes and Vascular Dysfunction in Adults with Sleep ApneaR56HL140548 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI GOZAL, DAVID · 2018 to 2018
$794k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL130984NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL140548NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG061824
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMachine-learning approaches have enabled promising results in efforts to simplify the diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A comprehensive review and analysis of such studies increase the confidence level of practitioners and healthcare providers in the implementation of these methodologies in clinical practice.

objectiveTo assess the reliability of machine-learning-based methods to detect pediatric OSA. DATA SOURCES: Two researchers conducted an electronic search on the Web of Science and Scopus using term, and studies were reviewed along with their bibliographic references. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Articles or reviews (Year 2000 onwards) that applied machine learning to detect pediatric OSA; reported data included information enabling derivation of true positive, false negative, true negative, and false positive cases; polysomnography served as diagnostic standard. APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS

methodsPooled sensitivities and specificities were computed for three apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) thresholds: 1 event/hour (e/h), 5 e/h, and 10 e/h. Random-effect models were assumed. Summary receiver-operating characteristics (SROC) analyses were also conducted. Heterogeneity (I

resultsNineteen studies were finally retained, involving 4767 different pediatric sleep studies. Machine learning improved diagnostic performance as OSA severity criteria increased reaching optimal values for AHI = 10 e/h (0.652 sensitivity; 0.931 specificity; and 0.940 area under the SROC curve). Publication bias correction had minor effect on summary statistics, but high heterogeneity was observed among the studies.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveChildHumansMachine LearningPolysomnographyReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and Specificitymachine learningmeta-analysispediatricsreviewsleep apnea

Identifiers

PMID33856128
PMCPMC11556234

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.