Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33855201›Full record

ArticleEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2021

Glycaemic control and outcomes in children with type 2 diabetes diagnosed at or before 10 years of age.

Erin Greenup, Bhuvana Sunil, Mary Margaret Barr, Ambika P Ashraf

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Early Versus Late Diagnosis of Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Erin GreenupDepartment of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5491-0101
Bhuvana SunilDepartment of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-7056
Mary Margaret BarrUniversity of Alabama School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Ambika P AshrafDepartment of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-6624
University of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

Why is the prevalence of obesity so high in U.S. Southern States? Regional predictors of BMI and obesity treatment response.P30DK056336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI James O Hill · 2000 to 2026
$31.9M
University of Alabama at Birmingham's Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Kirk Michael Habegger · 2013 to 2026
$19.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056336NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in children is considered rare before puberty. Objective: Describe the characteristics and outcomes of children with T2DM diagnosed at or before 10 years of age. Methods: Retrospective electronic medical record review of children diagnosed with T2DM at a University Children's Hospital over 12 years was conducted. Patient characteristics at diagnosis, 2-3-year follow-up, and 4-5-year follow-up were analysed as a whole and by age groups, 5-8 and 9-10 years. Results: There were 42 children ≤ 10 years with T2DM (5-8-year age group, n = 8 and 9-10-year age group, n = 34). There were 88.1% African American, 11.9% Caucasian, and 88.1% females. Body mass index (BMI) was ≥95th percentile in 95.2%. Average BMI z score was 2.5 ± 0.4 and higher in the 5-8-year age group (2.7 ± 0.5 vs 2.4 ± 0.4, Conclusions: T2DM at or below 10 years of age disproportionately affected females and ethnic minorities and was associated with morbid obesity. The majority of these children did not achieve glycaemic control and required insulin for management of their hyperglycaemia after 4-5 years, indicating the need for increased awareness of T2DM and intensive treatment in this special group.

Indexed as

Age FactorsAge of OnsetChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Electronic Health RecordsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlycemic ControlHumansInsulinMaleObesity, MorbidRetrospective StudiesSex FactorsTreatment OutcomeInsulindyslipidaemiapaediatrictype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID33855201
PMCPMC8029508
OpenAlexW3094252955

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.