ArticlePeerJ2021
T cell mediated immunity against influenza H5N1 nucleoprotein, matrix and hemagglutinin derived epitopes in H5N1 survivors and non-H5N1 subjects.
Article in PeerJ, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-level human memory T and B cells recognising avian influenza hemagglutinins are poorly responsive to existing seasonal influenza vaccines.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- T cell immunity to seasonal Influenza A and H5N1 viruses in laboratory workers receiving annual seasonal Influenza vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Recombinant Hemagglutinin Protein from H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Exerts Good Immune Effects in Mice.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- A computational approach to design a multiepitope vaccine against H5N1 virus.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Identification of NP Protein-Specific B-Cell Epitopes for H9N2 Subtype of Avian Influenza Virus.Viruses · 2022Article
- Article
- The role of cell-mediated immunity against influenza and its implications for vaccine evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Harmonization and qualification of an IFN-γ Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot assay (ELISPOT) to measure influenza-specific cell-mediated immunity within the FLUCOP consortium.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Characterization of an intracellular humanized single-chain antibody to matrix protein (M1) of H5N1 virus.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProtection against the influenza virus by a specific antibody is relatively strain specific; meanwhile broader immunity may be conferred by cell-mediated immune response to the conserved epitopes across influenza virus subtypes. A universal broad-spectrum influenza vaccine which confronts not only seasonal influenza virus, but also avian influenza H5N1 virus is promising.
methodsThis study determined the specific and cross-reactive T cell responses against the highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in four survivors and 33 non-H5N1 subjects including 10 H3N2 patients and 23 healthy individuals. Ex vivo IFN-
resultsIFN-
conclusionsThis study provides an insight into the better understanding on the homosubtypic and heterosubtypic T cell-mediated immune responses in H5N1 survivors and non-H5N1 subjects. NP is an immunodominant target of cross-recognition owing to its high conservancy. Therefore, the development of vaccine targeting the conserved NP may be a novel strategy for influenza vaccine design.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.