Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33853552›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2021

Understanding the patient journey to diagnosis of lung cancer.

Yichen Zhang, Michael J Simoff, David Ost, Oliver J Wagner, James Lavin, Beth Nauman, Mei-Chin Hsieh, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Brian Pettiford, Lizheng Shi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Monitoring of the oncological process for lung cancer in Spain: an expert consensus report.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Identification andJournal of thoracic disease · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Yichen ZhangDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1900, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Michael J SimoffBronchoscopy and Interventional Pulmonology, Lung Cancer Screening Program, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. msimoff1@hfhs.org.
David OstDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Oliver J WagnerIntuitive, 1020 Kifer Road, Sunnyvale, CA, 94086, USA.
James LavinIntuitive, 1020 Kifer Road, Sunnyvale, CA, 94086, USA.
Beth NaumanLouisiana Public Health Institute, 1515 Poydras Street #1200, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Mei-Chin HsiehLouisiana State University Health Science Center, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Xiao-Cheng WuLouisiana State University Health Science Center, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Brian PettifordOchsner Health System, 1514 Jefferson Highway, Jefferson, LA, 70121, USA.
Lizheng ShiDepartment of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1900, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Intuit (United States) · USLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans · USTulane University · USLouisiana Public Health Institute · USOchsner Health System · USThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · USWayne State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis research describes the clinical pathway and characteristics of two cohorts of patients. The first cohort consists of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer while the second consists of patients with a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) and no evidence of lung cancer. Linked data from an electronic medical record and the Louisiana Tumor Registry were used in this investigation. MATERIALS AND

methodsREACHnet is one of 9 clinical research networks (CRNs) in PCORnet®, the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network and includes electronic health records for over 8 million patients from multiple partner health systems. Data from Ochsner Health System and Tulane Medical Center were linked to Louisiana Tumor Registry (LTR), a statewide population-based cancer registry, for analysis of patient's clinical pathways between July 2013 and 2017. Patient characteristics and health services utilization rates by cancer stage were reported as frequency distributions. The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to estimate the time from index date to diagnosis by stage in lung cancer cohort.

resultsA total of 30,559 potentially eligible patients were identified and 2929 (9.58%) had primary lung cancer. Of these, 1496 (51.1%) were documented in LTR and their clinical pathway to diagnosis was further studied. Time to diagnosis varied significantly by cancer stage. A total of 24,140 patients with an SPN were identified in REACHnet and 15,978 (66.6%) had documented follow up care for 1 year. 1612 (10%) had no evidence of any work up for their SPN. The remaining 14,366 had some evidence of follow up, primarily office visits and additional chest imaging.

conclusionIn both cohorts multiple biopsies were evident in the clinical pathway. Despite clinical workup, 70% of patients in the lung cancer cohort had stage III or IV disease. In the SPN cohort, only 66% were identified as receiving a diagnostic work-up.

Indexed as

Critical PathwaysSolitary Pulmonary NoduleAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmbulatory CareBiopsyClinical Decision-MakingCohort StudiesDisease ManagementFemaleHealth Care SurveysHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleBiopsy frequencyBronchoscopyClinical pathwayLung cancerPulmonary noduleStaging

Identifiers

PMID33853552
PMCPMC8045203
OpenAlexW3117090422

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.