ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2021
Gail model utilization in predicting breast cancer risk in Egyptian women: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles of miR-155 and miR-3173 in Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Implications for Early Detection and Personalized Treatment.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Predicting breast cancer risk and its association to biopsychosocial factors among Taiwanese women with a family history of breast cancer: an investigation based on the Gail model.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- The functional TNF-αBreast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Perlecan (Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycan 2) Expression in Invasive Female Breast Carcinoma.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- Identify Breast Cancer Risk Factors Using the Gail Assessment Model in Iraq.Archives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- The effect of the use of the Gail model on breast cancer diagnosis in BIRADs 4a cases.Turkish journal of surgery · 2021Article
- Involvement of INF-γ functional single nucleotide polymorphism +874 T/A (rs2430561) in breast cancer risk.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Nomograms predict survival of patients with lymph node-positive, luminal a breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHerein, our purpose was to calculate the 5-year and lifetime risk of breast cancer and to assess new breast cancer potential contributors among Egyptian women utilizing the modified Gail model, while presenting a global comparison of risk assessment.
methodsThis study included 7009 women from both urban and rural areas scattered across 40% of the Egyptian provinces. The 5-year risk categories were defined as low risk (≤ 1.66%) or high risk (> 1.66%), whereas the lifetime risk categories were defined as low risk (≤ 20%) or high risk (> 20%). Pearson's Chi-squared test was performed to determine the association between participants' characteristics and distinct risk categories. Binary logistic regression was carried out for correlation analysis.
resultsThe mean estimated risk for developing invasive breast cancer over 5 years was 0.86 (± 0.67), whereas the mean lifetime breast cancer risk score was 11.26 (± 5.7). Accordingly, only 614 (8.75%) and 470 (6.7%) women were categorized as individuals with high risk of breast cancer incidence in 5-year and lifetime, respectively. Only 192 participants (2.7%) conferred both high 5-year and high lifetime risk scores. Marital status, method of feeding, physical activity behavior, contraceptive use, menopause and number of children were found to have a statistically significant association with both 5-year and lifetime breast cancer risk categories.
conclusionWe revealed that modified Gail model had a well-fitting and discrimination accuracy in Egyptian women when compared with other countries.
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