ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
HLA Zygosity Increases Risk of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- HLA-DQB1*03:01 and risk of HBV-related HCC.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026Article
- HLA loci heterozygosity modulates genetic risk in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- HLA Genetic Diversity and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Effect of Heterozygosity Advantage.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Human Leukocyte Antigen-Allelic Variations May Influence the Age at Cancer Diagnosis in Lynch Syndrome.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Antigen presentation in cancer - mechanisms and clinical implications for immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Heterozygote advantage at HLA class I and II loci and reduced risk of colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- HBV Infection-RelatedJournal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Human leukocyte antigen class II gene diversity tunes antibody repertoires to common pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and II Diversity and Non-virus-associated Solid Tumors.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiversity in the HLA genes might be associated with disease outcomes-the heterozygote advantage hypothesis. We tested this hypothesis in relation to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
methodsWe utilized DNA from > 10 000 Taiwanese individuals with current or past HBV infection to examine the association between HLA diversity and critical natural history steps in the progression from HBV infection to HCC. Individuals were classified as homozygotes at a given locus when imputed to carry the same 4-digit allele for the 2 HLA alleles at that locus.
resultsIncrease in number of homozygous HLA class II loci was associated with an increased risk of chronic HBV infection (Ptrend = 1.18 × 10-7). Among chronic HBV carriers, increase in number of homozygous HLA class II loci was also associated with an increased risk of HBV-associated HCC (Ptrend = .031). For individual HLA loci, HLA-DQB1 homozygosity was significantly associated with HCC risk (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.84). We also found that zygosity affects risk of HCC through its ability to affect viral control.
conclusionsHomozygosity at HLA class II loci, particularly HLA-DQB1, is associated with a higher risk of HBV-associated HCC.
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Registered trials
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