ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 251 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stay in touch with the endoplasmic reticulum.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Lipid flip-flop in biological membranes: through the lens of TMEM16F.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- ATG9A is an essential host factor for parechovirus RNA replication.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Article
- Lipid traffic: an enigmatic alliance between ORPs and a TMEM16-like protein at membrane contact sites.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- VMP1 forms a CaScience advances · 2026Article
- The Human Autophagy Core Complexes.Annual review of biochemistry · 2026Review
- Lipid metabolism and contact site homologs are present at the chloroplast envelope-thylakoid interface.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A Highly Conserved SNARE-Associated Protein Enhances Plant Immunity by Regulating Vesicle Trafficking.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Structural plasticity of the membrane-bound protein degradation assembly supports bacterial adaptation to stress.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- TMEM170 proteins are lipid scramblases associated with bridge-type lipid transporters BLTP1/Csf1.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- The molecular mechanism of lipid uptake by membrane-anchored bridge-like lipid transfer proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Vacuolar Membrane Protein 1 and Transmembrane Protein 41B in Action: At the Right Place, With the Right Strength.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- The AP-4 accessory protein tepsin exhibits multivalent binding to LC3B.Advances in biological regulation · 2026Article
- Beyond Vesicular Traffic: The ERES as the Gateway for Biosynthetic Secretion.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Lysosomal membrane homeostasis and its importance in physiology and disease.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- An ER-resident lipid scramblase is crucial for biogenesis and function of apicomplexan parasite secretory organelles.Nature communications · 2025Article
- ATG2 is a triglyceride transfer protein.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The autophagy protein ATG2, proposed to transfer bulk lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during autophagosome biogenesis, interacts with ER residents TMEM41B and VMP1 and with ATG9, in Golgi-derived vesicles that initiate autophagosome formation. In vitro assays reveal TMEM41B, VMP1, and ATG9 as scramblases. We propose a model wherein membrane expansion results from the partnership of a lipid transfer protein, moving lipids between the cytosolic leaflets of apposed organelles, and scramblases that reequilibrate the leaflets of donor and acceptor organelle membranes as lipids are depleted or augmented. TMEM41B and VMP1 are implicated broadly in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes in which their scrambling activities likely are key.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.