ArticleBMJ open2021
Patient outcomes and costs associated with functional medicine-based care in a shared versus individual setting for patients with chronic conditions: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional Medicine Research in Clinical Practice: A Call to Action for Practitioners.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Recommendations and guidelines of integrative medicine for COVID-19 care: The APEC project outcome.Integrative medicine research · 2024Article
- Implementation of a virtual, shared medical appointment program that focuses on food as medicine principles in a population with obesity: the SLIM program.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Embracing systems biology: a paradigm shift in modern medicine for identifying and treating nutritional deficiencies.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2023Article
- Functional Medicine Approach to Patient Care Improves Sleep, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2022Article
- Functional MedicineIntegrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2022Article
- A nutrition and lifestyle-focused shared medical appointment in a resource-challenged community setting: a mixed-methods study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Treatment Adherence, Compliance, and the Success of Integrative Functional Medicine.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2021Article
- Adherence Strategies and Fullscript Tools can be Incorporated into a Functional Medicine Approach.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare outcomes and costs associated with functional medicine-based care delivered in a shared medical appointment (SMA) to those delivered through individual appointments.
designA retrospective cohort study was performed to assess outcomes and cost to deliver care to patients in SMAs and compared with Propensity Score (PS)-matched patients in individual appointments.
settingA single-centre study performed at Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine.
participantsA total of 9778 patients were assessed for eligibility and 7323 excluded. The sample included 2455 patients (226 SMAs and 2229 individual appointments) aged ≥18 years who participated in in-person SMAs or individual appointments between 1 March 2017 and 31 December 2019. Patients had a baseline Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Physical Health (GPH) score and follow-up score at 3 months. Patients were PS-matched 1:1 with 213 per group based on age, sex, race, marital status, income, weight, body mass index, blood pressure (BP), PROMIS score and functional medicine diagnostic category. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in PROMIS GPH at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included change in PROMIS Global Mental Health (GMH), biometrics, and cost.
resultsAmong 213 PS-matched pairs, patients in SMAs exhibited greater improvements at 3 months in PROMIS GPH T-scores (mean difference 1.18 (95% CI 0.14 to 2.22), p=0.03) and PROMIS GMH T-scores (mean difference 1.78 (95% CI 0.66 to 2.89), p=0.002) than patients in individual appointments. SMA patients also experienced greater weight loss (kg) than patients in individual appointments (mean difference -1.4 (95% CI -2.15 to -0.64), p<0.001). Both groups experienced a 5.5 mm Hg improvement in systolic BP. SMAs were also less costly to deliver than individual appointments.
conclusionSMAs deliver functional medicine-based care that improves outcomes more than care delivered in individual appointments and is less costly to deliver.
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Registered trials
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