SynthesisFluids and barriers of the CNS2021
Reference values for intracranial pressure and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intracranial pressure physiology, monitoring and individualized management in the acute brain injured patient.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Shunt-related cerebrospinal fluid overdrainage - a multicentre consensus definition.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Article
- A Case of Knobloch Syndrome With Lens Dislocation Resembling Homocystinuria.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: association of cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics with outcome.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Arterial-related craniospinal physiological compliance assessed by phase-contrast MRI and lumbar infusion test.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Utility of intracranial pressure monitoring in idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients with refractory headaches: an 8-year, single-surgeon, specialized-center retrospective study.Neurosurgical focus · 2026Article
- Cervical Oculopathy: The Cervical Spine Etiology of Visual Symptoms and Eye Diseases-A Hypothesis Exploring Mechanisms Linking the Neck and the Eye.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Intracranial pressure changes during early postoperative mobilization in patients with chronic subdural hematoma.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Observational
- A Live Cell Imaging-Compatible Bioreactor for the Interrogation of Cellular Responses to Modulated Flow Conditions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Quantification of the Dynamics of the Vascular Flows in the Cerebral Arterial and Venous Trees.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Estimation of fluid flow velocities in cortical brain tissue driven by the microvasculature.Interface focus · 2025Article
- Intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with spontaneous onset of orthostatic headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Observational
- Non-invasive fundoscopy as a tool to estimate intracranial pressure: a large animal model.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Article
- Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Efficacy and possible positive predictors: a systematic review.Brain & spine · 2025Review
- Intracranial pressure and pulsatility in different head and body positions.Brain communications · 2025Article
- CSF production rate, resistance to reabsorption, and intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Brain communications · 2025Review
- Case Report: Extended survival in KRAS-G12V NSCLC with leptomeningeal metastasis through integrated intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Radiological signs supporting idiopathic intracranial hypertension in symptomatic patients with lumbar puncture opening pressure < 250 mm.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Intracranial pressure following surgery of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm-a model for normal intracranial pressure in humans.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough widely used in the evaluation of the diseased, normal intracranial pressure and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure remain sparsely documented. Intracranial pressure is different from lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure. In addition, intracranial pressure differs considerably according to the body position of the patient. Despite this, the current reference values do not distinguish between intracranial and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressures, and body position-dependent reference values do not exist. In this study, we aim to establish these reference values.
methodA systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Sciences. Methodological quality was assessed using an amended version of the Joanna Briggs Quality Appraisal Checklist. Intracranial pressure and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure were independently evaluated and subdivided into body positions. Quantitative data were presented with mean ± SD, and 90% reference intervals.
resultsThirty-six studies were included. Nine studies reported values for intracranial pressure, while 27 reported values for the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Reference values for intracranial pressure were - 5.9 to 8.3 mmHg in the upright position and 0.9 to 16.3 mmHg in the supine position. Reference values for lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure were 7.2 to 16.8 mmHg and 5.7 to 15.5 mmHg in the lateral recumbent position and supine position, respectively.
conclusionsThis systematic review is the first to provide position-dependent reference values for intracranial pressure and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Clinically applicable reference values for normal lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure were established, and are in accordance with previously used reference values. For intracranial pressure, this study strongly emphasizes the scarcity of normal pressure measures, and highlights the need for further research on the matter.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.