Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33849482›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in African children from rural and urban communities with atopic dermatitis.

Gillian O N Ndhlovu, Regina E Abotsi, Adebayo O Shittu, Shima M Abdulgader, Dorota Jamrozy, Christopher L Dupont, Avumile Mankahla, Mark P Nicol, Carol Hlela, Michael E Levin and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.

Gillian O N NdhlovuDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Regina E AbotsiDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Adebayo O ShittuDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Shima M AbdulgaderDepartment of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Dorota JamrozyParasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
Christopher L DupontJ. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
Avumile MankahlaDepartment of Medicine and Pharmacology, Division of Dermatology, Walter Sisulu University, Umtata, South Africa.
Mark P NicolDivision of Infection and Immunity, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Carol HlelaDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Michael E LevinDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nonhlanhla LunjaniDepartment of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Allergy, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Felix S DubeDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. fdube82@gmail.com.
University of Cape Town · ZAJ. Craig Venter Institute · USObafemi Awolowo University · NGStellenbosch University · ZAUniversity of Western Australia · AUWalter Sisulu University · ZAWellcome Sanger Institute · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStaphylococcus aureus has been associated with the exacerbation and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD). Studies have not investigated the colonisation dynamics of S. aureus lineages in African toddlers with AD. We determined the prevalence and population structure of S. aureus in toddlers with and without AD from rural and urban South African settings.

methodsWe conducted a study of AD-affected and non-atopic AmaXhosa toddlers from rural Umtata and urban Cape Town, South Africa. S. aureus was screened from skin and nasal specimens using established microbiological methods and clonal lineages were determined by spa typing. Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess risk factors associated with S. aureus colonisation.

resultsS. aureus colonisation was higher in cases compared to controls independent of geographic location (54% vs. 13%, p < 0.001 and 70% vs. 35%, p = 0.005 in Umtata [rural] and Cape Town [urban], respectively). Severe AD was associated with higher colonisation compared with moderate AD (86% vs. 52%, p = 0.015) among urban cases. Having AD was associated with colonisation in both rural (odds ratio [OR] 7.54, 95% CI 2.92-19.47) and urban (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.57-11.2) toddlers. In rural toddlers, living in an electrified house that uses gas (OR 4.08, 95% CI 1.59-10.44) or utilises kerosene and paraffin (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.22-6.77) for heating and cooking were associated with increased S. aureus colonisation. However, exposure to farm animals (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.11-0.83) as well as living in a house that uses wood and coal (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.04-0.49) or outdoor fire (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13-0.73) were protective. Spa types t174 and t1476, and t272 and t1476 were dominant among urban and rural cases, respectively, but no main spa type was observed among controls, independent of geographic location. In urban cases, spa type t002 and t442 isolates were only identified in severe AD, t174 was more frequent in moderate AD, and t1476 in severe AD.

conclusionThe strain genotype of S. aureus differed by AD phenotypes and rural-urban settings. Continued surveillance of colonising S. aureus lineages is key in understanding alterations in skin microbial composition associated with AD pathogenesis and exacerbation.

Indexed as

Child, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDermatitis, AtopicFemaleGenotypeHumansInfantLogistic ModelsMaleRisk FactorsRural PopulationSeverity of Illness IndexSkinSouth AfricaStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID33849482
PMCPMC8045247
OpenAlexW3111845104

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.