Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation2021
Tissue-resident-like CD4+ T cells secreting IL-17 control Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the human lung.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enrichment of CD4iScience · 2026Article
- Host-strain compatibility shapes host transcriptional responses in macrophageMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- CD8MedComm · 2026Review
- PD-1 Inhibits CD4+ TRM-Mediated cDC1 Mobilization via Suppressing JAML in Human NSCLC.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis determining protection or disease progression.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Identifying Single-Cell Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Using a Bootstrap Penalized Hurdle Model.Genes · 2026Article
- mRNA vaccine development for tuberculosis: antigen design, immune mechanisms, and translational challenges.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- CCR6 is essential for effective immunity againstInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Immunological mechanistic action of intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteriology and immunity necessitate a multi-pronged immune strategy for vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Expression of CD103 facilitates localization and activation of CD4Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Context-specific roles for IL-17 in tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Review
- Rare variable M. tuberculosis antigens induce predominant Th17 responses in human infection.JCI insight · 2026Article
- CD8+ lymphocytes in immunity against tuberculosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- The role and mechanisms of multiple immunoregulatory cells in pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunometabolic reprogramming ofFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for tuberculosis: emerging modalities, cross-disciplinary innovations, and roadmaps for drug-resistant disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HIV impairs and exploits pulmonary Th17 and Th22 cell-mediated immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for tuberculosis: current landscape, mechanistic insights, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Enrichment of a CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
T cell immunity is essential for the control of tuberculosis (TB), an important disease of the lung, and is generally studied in humans using peripheral blood cells. Mounting evidence, however, indicates that tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) are superior at controlling many pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), and can be quite different from those in circulation. Using freshly resected lung tissue, from individuals with active or previous TB, we identified distinct CD4+ and CD8+ Trm-like clusters within TB-diseased lung tissue that were functional and enriched for IL-17-producing cells. M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells producing TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-17 were highly expanded in the lung compared with matched blood samples, in which IL-17+ cells were largely absent. Strikingly, the frequency of M. tuberculosis-specific lung T cells making IL-17, but not other cytokines, inversely correlated with the plasma IL-1β levels, suggesting a potential link with disease severity. Using a human granuloma model, we showed the addition of either exogenous IL-17 or IL-2 enhanced immune control of M. tuberculosis and was associated with increased NO production. Taken together, these data support an important role for M. tuberculosis-specific Trm-like, IL-17-producing cells in the immune control of M. tuberculosis in the human lung.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.