ArticlePediatric radiology2021
Validating scoring systems for fracture healing in infants and young children: pilot study.
Article in Pediatric radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing imaging modalities and healing criteria for the estimation of fracture age: a systematic review.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Dating long bone fractures of infants under one year of age.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Using deep learning for estimation of time-since-injury in pediatric accidental fractures.Pediatric radiology · 2025Article
- Dating birth-related clavicular fractures: pediatric radiologists versus artificial intelligence.Pediatric radiology · 2023Article
- Controversial aspects of imaging in child abuse: a second roundtable discussion from the ESPR child abuse taskforce.Pediatric radiology · 2023Article
- Osteoimmunology: The effect of autoimmunity on fracture healing and skeletal analysis.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies have analysed birth-related clavicular fractures to propose time frames for healing that could be applied to dating of all fractures in cases of suspected child abuse.
objectiveTo assess differences in healing rates between femoral fractures and birth-related clavicular fractures in infants and young children. MATERIALS AND
methodsA retrospective 5-year pilot study of femoral fractures in children younger than 3 years of age was performed. Anonymised radiographs were independently scored by two radiologists for stages of fracture healing. In cases of reader disagreement, radiographs were independently scored by a third radiologist.
resultsIn total, 74 radiographs (30 children) met the inclusion criteria. Fracture healing evolved over time with subperiosteal new bone formation (SPNBF) appearing first, followed by callus then remodelling. A power calculation for a single proportion, with a level of confidence of 95% and a margin of error of 5%, showed that in a definitive study, 359 radiographs would be required.
conclusionAlthough the overall pattern of healing is similar, in this small pilot study, the earliest times for SPNBF and callus formation in femoral fractures appeared to lag behind healing of birth-related clavicular fractures. Remodelling appeared earlier than remodelling of clavicular fractures. A power calculation has determined numbers of femoral radiographs (359) required for a definitive study.
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