ReviewInternational journal of molecular medicine2021
Challenges and perspectives for immunotherapy in oesophageal cancer: A look to the future (Review).
Review in International journal of molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative analysis of early-onset and late-onset esophageal cancer burden in China, 1990-2021: based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2026Article
- Unraveling the complexity of pyroptosis in esophageal cancer: from underlying mechanisms to targeted therapies.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Unveiling diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung adenocarcinoma using bioinformatics and experimental validation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advancing immunotherapy for esophageal cancer: decoding the roles of PD-L1, TME, and tumor-intrinsic biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Real-world experience with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 immunotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer: A retrospective single-center study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- A Pancreatic Cancer Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Adoptive Immunotherapy Using Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies with limited treatment options, thus resulting in a high morbidity and mortality. With 5‑year survival rates of only 5‑10%, oesophageal cancer holds a dismal prognosis for patients. In order to improve overall survival, the early diagnosis and tools for patient stratification for personalized treatment are urgent needs. A minority of oesophageal cancers belong to the spectrum of Lynch syndrome‑associated cancers and are characterized by microsatellite instability (MSI). Microsatellite instability is a consequence of defective mismatch repair protein functions and it has been well characterized in other gastrointestinal tumours, such as colorectal and gastric cancer. In the latter, high levels of MSI are associated with a better prognosis and with an increased benefit to immune‑based therapies. Therefore, similar therapeutic approaches could offer an opportunity of treatment for oesophageal cancer patients with MSI. Apart from immune checkpoint inhibitors, other immunotherapies such as adoptive T‑cell transfer, peptide vaccine and oncolytic viruses are under investigation in oesophageal cancer patients. In the present review, the rationale and current knowledge about immunotherapies in oesophageal cancer are summarised.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.