ReviewNature reviews. Neuroscience2021
Molecular mechanisms of brain water transport.
Review in Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 233 citations in OpenAlex.
- CSF hypersecretion versus impaired CSF absorption in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus: a systematic review.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Pooled it
- Daily heart rate variability biofeedback training decreases locus coeruleus MRI contrast in younger adults in a randomized clinical trial.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2023Trial
- Spatial organization of AQP4 water channel expression in the human brain.Science advances · 2026Article
- Pathological mutation L241P in Kir7.1 channel inhibits its activity in the choroid plexus epithelium and decreases cerebrospinal fluid KJournal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Experimental Study on Changes in the Structure of the Blood-Brain Barrier after Treatment with Bevacizumab for Traumatic Cerebral Edema.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Steady-state water exchange in neural tissue is primarily passive and through the phospholipid bilayer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular Basis of Glia-ECM Interplay in Central Nervous System Homeostasis and Plasticity.Cells · 2026Review
- Self-heating-induced blocking in nanopores enables neuromorphic ionic computing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Light-Modulated Xylan-Reinforced Nanofluidic Memristor for Ionic Neural Network-Based Robot Movement Modulation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Passive water exchange between multiple sites can explain why apparent exchange rate constants depend on ionic and osmotic conditions in gray matter.Magnetic resonance letters · 2026Article
- CSF Aquaporin-4 levels in controls and in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus before and after shunt surgery.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Sleep Alters the Velocity of Physiological Brain Pulsations in Humans.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Water channel changes in astrocytes associated with buprenorphine administration in a rat model of diffuse traumatic brain injury.Research square · 2026Article
- TRPV4 inhibition as a pharmacotherapy for post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Canine Cognitive Dysfunction and Alzheimer's Disease: Pathophysiological Relationships and the Impact of Glymphatic System Impairment on Neurodegeneration.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Functional recovery of the adult murine hippocampus after cryopreservation by vitrification.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion exacerbates amyloid and tau pathology by impairing glymphatic transport via AQP4- and VEGF-mediated pathways: insights from a vascular to mixed-type dementia model.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Quantification of the neuropathology of alcohol use disorder using tissue microarrays.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Coaxial nanofiber design for traumatic brain injury: a review and framework for phase-responsive therapeutics.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Myelin sheaths in the central nervous system can withstand damage and dynamically remodel.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our brains consist of 80% water, which is continuously shifted between different compartments and cell types during physiological and pathophysiological processes. Disturbances in brain water homeostasis occur with pathologies such as brain oedema and hydrocephalus, in which fluid accumulation leads to elevated intracranial pressure. Targeted pharmacological treatments do not exist for these conditions owing to our incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing brain water transport. Historically, the transmembrane movement of brain water was assumed to occur as passive movement of water along the osmotic gradient, greatly accelerated by water channels termed aquaporins. Although aquaporins govern the majority of fluid handling in the kidney, they do not suffice to explain the overall brain water movement: either they are not present in the membranes across which water flows or they appear not to be required for the observed flow of water. Notably, brain fluid can be secreted against an osmotic gradient, suggesting that conventional osmotic water flow may not describe all transmembrane fluid transport in the brain. The cotransport of water is an unconventional molecular mechanism that is introduced in this Review as a missing link to bridge the gap in our understanding of cellular and barrier brain water transport.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.