ArticlePediatric research2022
Human milk cholesterol is associated with lactation stage and maternal plasma cholesterol in Chinese populations.
Article in Pediatric research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Milk Lipid Profiles around the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Human breast milk lipoproteins: A preliminary biochemical characterization.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- From Pregnancy to Breastfeeding: The Role of Maternal Exercise in Preventing Childhood Obesity.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Untargeted metabolomic analysis of human milk from healthy mothers reveals drivers of metabolite variability.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Network analysis of the proteome and peptidome sheds light on human milk as a biological system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between breastfeeding duration and BMI, 2009-2018: a population-based study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Ostrich oil as a fat substitute in milk-based infant formula.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- [Yerba mate as a safe polyphenolic source during human lactation].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2022Article
- Functional sterol improves breast milk quality by modulating the gut microbiota: A proposed opinion for breastfeeding mothers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Changes in Human Milk Fat Globule Composition Throughout Lactation: A Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMilk cholesterol concentrations throughout lactation were analyzed, and the relationship between maternal plasma cholesterol and milk cholesterol in various Chinese populations was examined.
methodsA sub-sample of 1138 lactating women was randomly selected from a large cross-sectional study in China (n = 6481). Milk cholesterol concentrations were determined by HPLC, and concentrations of maternal plasma lipids were determined by an automated biochemical analyzer.
resultsThe mean cholesterol concentrations were 200, 171, and 126 mg/L for colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk, respectively. Cholesterol concentrations differed significantly between stages of lactation (colostrum vs. transitional milk, colostrum vs. mature milk, transitional milk vs. mature milk, all p < 0.001). Concentrations of maternal plasma total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.02) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with milk cholesterol. Milk cholesterol concentrations varied among different ethnicities (Tibetan vs. Hui: 164 vs. 131 mg/L, p = 0.027) but not among different geographic regions.
conclusionsThe concentration of cholesterol in human milk changes dynamically throughout lactation. Milk cholesterol concentrations are significantly associated with maternal plasma concentrations of TC and LDL-C, and milk cholesterol concentrations vary across ethnicities in China. IMPACT: Concentrations of milk cholesterol were measured in various Chinese populations. Cholesterol concentrations differ significantly between stages of lactation. Maternal plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol are associated with milk cholesterol. Milk cholesterol concentrations vary across ethnicities in China.
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