ArticleScientific reports2021
Frailty is associated with susceptibility and severity of pneumonia in older adults (A JAGES multilevel cross-sectional study).
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06430073 (Effect of Infections and Global DNA Methylation on Frailty Trajectories in Hospitalized Older Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Infections and Global DNA Methylation on Frailty Trajectories in Hospitalized Older Patients: a Multicenter Observational Study (INFRAGEN)
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Machine Learning-Derived Risk Scorecard for Pneumonia Hospitalization in Japanese Old-Old Adults.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations between biological age acceleration and hospitalization burden of community-acquired pneumonia: a cohort study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Association of ICD-10-Coded Pneumonia Events with Interstitial Lung Disease Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Large Database Retrospective Cohort.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Association of Frailty and Frailty Trajectory with Risk for Respiratory Infectious Diseases.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Frailty Increases the Risk and Frequency of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Older Adults: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Demographic and geographic hotspots of Alzheimer's disease and pneumonia-related mortality among older adults in the United States: a retrospective analysis.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Physical frailty in relation to immunosenescence involving pDC function in the Japanese elderly: a cross-sectional survey study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Frailty combined with nutritional risk for predicting stroke-associated pneumonia: a cohort study based on a nomogram model.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- [Age-associated changes of the immune system: immunosenescence and effects on vaccinations].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2025Review
- Uncovering the multivariate genetic architecture of frailty with genomic structural equation modeling.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Clinical Instability at Discharge and Post-Discharge Outcomes in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: An Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of infections, DNA methylation and telomere length on frailty trajectories in hospitalized older patients: the INFRAGEN study protocol.BMC geriatrics · 2025Observational
- The Five-Item Modified Frailty Index Predicts Adverse Surgical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Frailty, periinterventional complications and outcome in patients undergoing percutaneous mitral and tricuspid valve repair.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025Article
- Recognition of Serious Infections in the Elderly Visiting the Emergency Department: The Development of a Diagnostic Prediction Model (ROSIE).Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Novel predictors of infection-related rehospitalization in older patients with heart failure in Japan.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among older adults worldwide. Recently, several studies reported that frailty was associated with mortality among older adults hospitalized due to respiratory infectious diseases, including pneumonia. However, it is unknown whether frailty is associated with susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults. In this study, we examined whether frailty increased the susceptibility to pneumonia and hospitalization in older adults. We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study; the data was collected by using mail-based, self-reported questionnaires from 177,991 functionally-independent community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Our results showed that frailty was significantly associated with both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia after adjustments with covariates; (Preference ratio {PR} 1.92, 95% confidence interval {95% CI} [1.66-2.22] and PR 1.80, 95% CI [1.42-2.28], respectively, p < 0.001 for the both). Pre-frailty was associated only with the occurrence of pneumonia. Besides, the instrumental activity of daily living, physical strength, nutrition status, oral function, homeboundness, and depression status in frail older adults were associated with either or both occurrence of and hospitalization due to pneumonia. Our results suggest that frailty influenced the susceptibility to and severity of pneumonia in older adults.
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