ArticleNature communications2021
Targeted apoptosis of macrophages and osteoclasts in arthritic joints is effective against advanced inflammatory arthritis.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 120 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 227 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-chain fatty acids promote post-myocardial infarction cardiac repair via FFAR2-dependent suppression of osteoclast-like macrophage differentiation.Basic research in cardiology · 2026Article
- Advances in Living Cell-Mediated Nanodrug Delivery Systems: Construction Strategies, Applications and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- SIK inhibitor HG-9-91-01 suppresses the pathogenic activity of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis.RMD open · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal immunomodulation with programmable biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Celastrol attenuates synovial inflammation and experimental arthritis by modulating PTGS2-associated ferroptosis resistance in fibroblast-like synoviocytes.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Co-exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures is associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk: a population-based cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Advances in Nano-Drug Delivery Systems for Chronic Autoimmune Diseases: A Focus on Diabetes Mellitus, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Rheumatoid Arthritis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Orally Administered Self-Microemulsifying Celastrol Alleviates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Modulating the Expression of TNF-α.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- An immunomodulatory bioactive glass orchestrates early bone healing via coordinated macrophage polarization and osteogenesis-osteolysis balance.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Enzyme-responsive peptide dendron nanoassemblies for targeting and eliminating intracellular drug-resistant bacteria.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and thermal proteome profiling identifies PLCG1 as the therapeutic target of isopimpinellin in treating rheumatoid arthritis.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- Bacillus cereus Induces Necroptosis in Microglia via the RIPK1/3-MLKL Pathway.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporally targeted nanocapsules combined with mild photothermal therapy regulate the synovial microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Oral Celastrol Nanomedicine Targeting Intestinal Antigen-Presenting Cells to Effectively Mitigate Autoimmune Uveitis via Gut-Retina Axis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune interactions in arthritis: linking pain sensitisation and inflammation.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Review
- Spinosin Suppresses RANKL-induced Osteoclastogenesis and Alleviates LPS-induced Cranial Osteolysis: A Study based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Acupoint Selection Patterns and Potential Mechanisms of Acupuncture in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Combined Data Mining and Network Pharmacology Study.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Bioinspired and smart material systems for auricular cartilage engineering: toward microenvironment-responsive and self-regulating scaffolds.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Nanobiosensors for Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomarkers: Advances and Clinical Translational Potential.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial DNA released from pyroptotic synovial macrophages via DDIT3-mediated mitophagy aggravates osteoarthritis progression.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insufficient apoptosis of inflammatory macrophages and osteoclasts (OCs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints contributes toward the persistent progression of joint inflammation and destruction. Here, we deliver celastrol (CEL) to selectively induce apoptosis of OCs and macrophages in arthritic joints, with enzyme-responsive nanoparticles (termed PRNPs) composed of RGD modified nanoparticles (termed RNPs) covered with cleavable PEG chains. CEL-loaded PRNPs (CEL-PRNPs) dually target OCs and inflammatory macrophages derived from patients with RA via an RGD-αvβ3 integrin interaction after PEG cleavage by matrix metalloprotease 9, leading to increased apoptosis of these cells. In an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model, PRNPs have an arthritic joint-specific distribution and CEL-PRNPs efficiently reduce the number of OCs and inflammatory macrophages within these joints. Additionally, rats with advanced arthritis go into inflammatory remission with bone erosion repair and negligible side effects after CEL-PRNPs treatment. These findings indicate potential for targeting chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in the treatment of advanced inflammatory arthritis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.