Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33845065›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2021

Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Diseases: An Interim Report From the NKF-ASN Task Force.

Cynthia Delgado, Mukta Baweja, Nilka Ríos Burrows, Deidra C Crews, Nwamaka D Eneanya, Crystal A Gadegbeku, Lesley A Inker, Mallika L Mendu, W Greg Miller, Marva M Moxey-Mims and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
20.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Prognostic significance of early cortical functional integrity measured byEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
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  9. Accuracy of Point-of-Care Transdermal GFR Methodology.Kidney international reports · 2026
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  13. KDIGO 2024 clinical practice guideline on evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: A primer on what pharmacists need to know.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2025
    Review
  14. High Heat Exposure and Medical Utilization among the CKD Population.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025
    Article
  15. Differential Effect of Hospitalization on Cystatin C- and Creatinine-Based Estimated GFR.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 14 institutions in 1 country.

Cynthia DelgadoNephrology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Nephrology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: Cynthia.delgado@ucsf.edu.
Mukta BawejaNephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
Nilka Ríos BurrowsDivision of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Deidra C CrewsDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Nwamaka D EneanyaRenal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Crystal A GadegbekuDepartment of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
Lesley A InkerDivision of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Mallika L MenduDivision of Renal Medicine and Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
W Greg MillerDepartment of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
Marva M Moxey-MimsDivision of Nephrology, Children's National Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.
Glenda V RobertsExternal Relations and Patient Engagement, Kidney Research Institute, Center for Dialysis Innovation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Wendy L St PeterCollege of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Curtis WarfieldNational Kidney Foundation, New York, NY.
Neil R PoweDepartment of Medicine, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: neil.powe@ucsf.edu.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USGeorge Washington University · USHarvard University · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · USNational Kidney Foundation · USSan Francisco General Hospital · USTemple University · USTufts Medical Center · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Washington · USVirginia Commonwealth University · US

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For almost 2 decades, equations that use serum creatinine, age, sex, and race to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) have included "race" as Black or non-Black. Given considerable evidence of disparities in health and health care delivery in African American communities, some regard keeping a race term in GFR equations as a practice that differentially influences access to care and kidney transplantation. Others assert that race captures important non-GFR determinants of serum creatinine and its removal from the calculation may perpetuate other disparities. The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and American Society of Nephrology (ASN) established a task force in 2020 to reassess the inclusion of race in the estimation of GFR in the United States and its implications for diagnosis and subsequent management of patients with, or at risk for, kidney diseases. This interim report details the process, initial assessment of evidence, and values defined regarding the use of race to estimate GFR. We organized activities in phases: (1) clarify the problem and examine evidence, (2) evaluate different approaches to address use of race in GFR estimation, and (3) make recommendations. In phase 1, we constructed statements about the evidence and defined values regarding equity and disparities; race and racism; GFR measurement, estimation, and equation performance; laboratory standardization; and patient perspectives. We also identified several approaches to estimate GFR and a set of attributes to evaluate these approaches. Building on evidence and values, the attributes of alternative approaches to estimate GFR will be evaluated in the next phases and recommendations will be made.

Indexed as

Glomerular Filtration RateRacial GroupsBlack or African AmericanHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Status DisparitiesHumansRenal Insufficiency, ChronicUnited Statescreatinineestimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)estimating equationethnicityfiltration markerhealth care equityhealth disparitieskidney diseasekidney disease diagnosislaboratory medicinemedical decision makingpatient-centered carepublic healthracerace coefficientracismrenal functionsocial determinants of healthUnited States

Identifiers

PMID33845065
PMCPMC8238889
OpenAlexW3152986545

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.