Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33845049›Full record

ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2021

Antibiotic resistance in diabetic foot infection: how it changed with COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care center.

Paola Caruso, Maria Ida Maiorino, Margherita Macera, Giuseppe Signoriello, Laura Castellano, Lorenzo Scappaticcio, Miriam Longo, Maurizio Gicchino, Ferdinando Campitiello, Giuseppe Bellastella and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Trends in Oral Antibiotic Treatment in Patients Hospitalized with Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Single-Centre Experience.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Pathology of Diabetes-Induced Immune Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paola CarusoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: paola.caruso@unicampania.it.
Maria Ida MaiorinoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: mariaida.maiorino@unicampania.it.
Margherita MaceraUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: macera.margherita@libero.it.
Giuseppe SignorielloMedical Statistics Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.signoriello@unicampania.it.
Laura CastellanoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: cast.laura.10@gmail.com.
Lorenzo ScappaticcioDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: lorenzo.scappaticcio@unicampania.it.
Miriam LongoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: miriam.longo@unicampania.it.
Maurizio GicchinoUnit of Diabetes, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: maurizio.gicchino@libero.it.
Ferdinando CampitielloUnit of General and Geriatric Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: ferdinando.campitiello@unicampania.it.
Giuseppe BellastellaDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.bellastella@unicampania.it.
Nicola CoppolaUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: nicola.coppola@unicampania.it.
Katherine EspositoDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Unit of Diabetes, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: katherine.esposito@unicampania.it.
University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo investigate the rate of antibiotic resistance and its main risk factors in a population of patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI) during the COVID-19 pandemic, in comparison with the population of 2019.

methodsTwo hundred and twenty-five patients with DFI were admitted in a tertiary care center from January 2019 to December 2020. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated by microbiological examination of soft tissues' or bone's biopsy.

resultsCompared with 2019 group (n = 105), 2020 group (n = 120) had a significantly higher prevalence of antibiotic resistance [2019 vs 2020, 36% vs 63%, P <0.001] and more often was admitted with recent or current antibiotic therapy (18% vs 52%, P <0.001), which was frequently self-administered (5% vs 30%, P = 0.032). The risk of antibiotic resistance was also higher in 2020 group [OR 95% CI, 2.90 (1.68 to 4.99)]. Prior hospitalization, antibiotic self-administration and antibiotic prescription by general practitioners resulted as independent predictors of antibiotic resistance.

conclusionsIn a population of people with DFI admitted in a tertiary care center during the COVID-19 pandemic the prevalence of antibiotic resistance was higher than 2019. Previous hospitalization, antibiotic self-administration /prescription by general practitioners were related to higher risk of antibiotic resistant infections.

Indexed as

AgedAnti-Bacterial AgentsCOVID-19Diabetic FootDrug Resistance, MicrobialFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Tertiary Care CentersAnti-Bacterial AgentsAmputationAntibiotic resistanceDiabetic foot infectionDiabetic foot ulcerType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID33845049
PMCPMC8047299
OpenAlexW3156189681

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.