ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Blood-based host biomarker diagnostics in active case finding for pulmonary tuberculosis: A diagnostic case-control study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Increasing reproducibility, robustness, and generalizability of biomarker selection from meta-analysis using Bayesian methodology.PLoS computational biology · 2022Pooled it
- Evaluation of the Xpert MTB Host Response assay for the triage of patients with presumed pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study in Viet Nam, India, the Philippines, Uganda, and South Africa.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- A Whole-blood Transcriptional Signature Associated With Obstructive Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Blood transcriptomic signatures predict poor outcomes in drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazil.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Blood-based cepheid 3-gene host response test for TB disease: diagnostic performance at a specialized respiratory hospital in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Whom tuberculosis tests detect and why it matters: implications for diagnostic algorithms.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Review
- 3-Gene-TB-SCORE Accuracy for Tuberculosis Disease Diagnosis Is Not Affected by Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease Comorbidity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Screening and diagnostic strategies for active pulmonary tuberculosis among people in prison in Malaysia: a prospective diagnostic study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Screening for asymptomatic tuberculosis among adults with household exposure to pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective observational cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Observational
- Blood transcriptomic signatures predict poor treatment outcomes in drug-susceptible pulmonary TB in Brazil.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Improved Detection of Extrapulmonary and Paucibacillary Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Xpert MTB Host Response in a Tuberculosis Low-Endemic, High-Resource Setting.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care triage tests for pulmonary tuberculosis using host blood protein biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of host-immune biomarker signatures as multiplex qPCR diagnostic assays: a pilot study toward meeting WHO target product profiles for TB diagnosis in India.Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2025Article
- Accuracy of C-Reactive Protein for Tuberculosis Detection in General-Population Screening and Ambulatory-Care Triage in Uganda.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Public health implications of the evolving understanding of tuberculosis natural history.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2024Article
- Single molecule measurements of microRNAs in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- A novel chemokine biomarker to distinguish active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis: a cohort study.QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians · 2023Article
- Assessment of the Cepheid 3-gene Host Response Fingerstick Blood Test (MTB-HR) on rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Cepheid 3-gene host response blood test for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment response monitoring in a primary-level clinic in rural China.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is a need to identify scalable tuberculosis screening strategies among high burden populations. The WHO has identified a non-sputum-based triage test as a development priority.
methodsWe performed a diagnostic case-control study of point-of-care C-reactive protein (CRP) and Prototype-Xpert-MTB-Host-Response (Xpert-MTB-HR) assays in the context of a mass screening program for tuberculosis in two prisons in Brazil. All incarcerated individuals irrespective of symptoms were screened by sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and sputum culture. Among consecutive, Xpert MTB/RIF or culture-confirmed cases and Xpert MTB/RIF and culture-negative controls, CRP was quantified in serum by a point-of-care assay (iChroma-II) and a 3-gene expression score was quantified from whole blood using the Xpert-MTB-HR cartridge. We evaluated receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) and assessed specificity at 90% sensitivity and sensitivity at 70% specificity, consistent with WHO target product profile (TPP) benchmarks.
findingsTwo hundred controls (no TB) and 100 culture- or Xpert MTB/RIF-positive tuberculosis cases were included. Half of tuberculosis cases and 11% of controls reported any tuberculosis symptoms. AUC for CRP was 0·79 (95% CI: 0·73-0·84) and for Xpert-MTB-HR was 0·84 (95% CI: 0·79-0·89). At 90% sensitivity, Xpert-MTB-HR had significantly higher specificity (53·0%, 95% CI: 45·0-69·0%) than CRP (28·1%, 95% CI: 20·2-41·8%) (
interpretationFor active case finding in this high tuberculosis-burden setting, CRP and Xpert-MTB-HR did not meet TPP benchmarks for a triage test. However, Xpert-MTB-HR was highly sensitive in detecting individuals with medium or high sputum bacillary burden.
fundingNational Institutes of Health (R01 AI130058 and R01 AI149620) and Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq-404182/2019-4).
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