ArticleAnnals of translational medicine2021
Progesterone protocol versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing
Article in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06812559 (Progesterone Primed Ovarian Stimulation Versus Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Progesterone Primed Ovarian Stimulation Versus Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progestogen-primed ovarian stimulation vs GnRH antagonists and/or agonists for women undergoing assisted reproduction: systematic review and meta-analysis.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026Pooled it
- GnRH antagonist protocol versus progestin-primed ovarian stimulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoingFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of progesterone protocol versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in terms of preventing premature LH surge and assisted reproductive technology outcome in infertile women: a randomized controlled trial.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Trial
- Progestin-suppressed in vitro fertilization cycles yield similar outcomes to traditional protocols in patients with diminished ovarian reserve.F&S reports · 2025Article
- Comparison of Long-Term and Stimulated Cycle Protocols in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of reproduction & infertility · 2025Article
- Progestogens for prevention of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation as part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExogenous progestational agents have recently been introduced as an alternative pituitary modulator for the prevention of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges during in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments. There is increasing evidence that frozen-embryo transfer (FET) is associated with a lower risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Herein, we compared the clinical outcomes of the progesterone protocol with the gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol in PCOS patients with a ''freeze-all'' strategy.
methodsIn this prospective single-central randomized controlled trial, a total of 120 PCOS patients undergoing their first IVF/ICSI treatment were randomly assigned to receive the progesterone protocol (study group) or GnRH-ant protocol (control group). The main outcome was the number of oocytes retrieved. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of premature LH rise/surge, the number of viable embryos, and pregnancy outcomes.
resultsThe number of retrieved oocytes (14.65±7.64 versus 12.8±8.57) and viable embryos (5.38±3.54 versus 5.03±3.92) in the study group were comparable to those in the control group (P>0.05). Similarly, no between-group differences were found in the number of mature oocytes, fertilized oocytes, cleaved embryos, and the viable embryo rate per oocyte retrieved (P>0.05). However, the oocyte retrieval rate (66.02%±19.63% versus 54.38%±26.39%) and fertilization rate (78.12%±18.41% versus 62.76%±23.32%) in the study group were significantly more than that in the control group (P<0.05). The mean serum LH value on day 6-7 was lower in the study group than that in the control group (7.47±0.97 versus 3.98±0.52 IU/L, P<0.05), and the incidence of premature LH rise was higher in the study group than in the control group, although no patients experienced premature LH surge. The clinical pregnancy rate [58.82%
conclusionsThe progesterone protocol is comparable with the GnRH-ant protocol regarding oocyte/embryo yields and the probability of clinical pregnancy in PCOS patients, but the two regimens were distinct in the regulation of pituitary LH secretion. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR-IOR-15006633.
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