ReviewFrontiers in medicine2021
Protective or Harmful: The Dual Roles of Autophagy in Diabetic Retinopathy.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of NLRP3 in the pathogenesis and treatment of gout arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Oxidative stress, aging, metabolism, SIRT1, and the gut microbiota: the neurocardiac basis of cognitive loss.Medical gas research · 2027Review
- Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis and dementia: contrasting disorders driven by mutual pathways of autophagy, mTOR, GLP-1, AMPK, Wnt, and WISP1.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cannabis and Cannabidiol, GLP-1 Receptors, and Autophagy: The Burgeoning Link Between Cognitive Neurodegeneration With Alzheimer's Disease and Metabolic Disorders.Discovery medicine · 2026Article
- Running out the clock: Circadian rhythm dysfunction in cognitive disease.International review of neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exerkines in diabetic retinopathy: from mechanisms to therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Autophagy in ocular diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis-Mediated Cell-Specific Damage: Molecular Cascades and Therapeutic Breakthroughs in Diabetic Retinopathy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Neurodevelopmental Consequences of Maternal Diabetes: Autophagy and Spatial Arrangement of Hippocampal Neurons.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Exendin-4 alleviates diabetic retinopathy by activating autophagy via regulation of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/sirtuin 1 pathway.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- YAP1 inhibition protects retinal vascular endothelial cells under high glucose by inhibiting autophagy.Open life sciences · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of artesunate in retinal diseases: from mechanism to clinical applications.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Sharing common ground through SIRT1 pathways.World journal of cardiology · 2024Review
- Cysteine Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist-Montelukast Effects on Diabetic Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Curtail Autophagy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Review
- Targeting autophagy with natural products as a potential therapeutic approach for diabetic microangiopathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The endoplasmic reticulum: Homeostasis and crosstalk in retinal health and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Ghrelin inhibits autophagy mediated by AKT/mTOR pathway to ameliorate retinal angiogenesis induced by high glucose stress.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradative pathway involving intracellular substance degradation and recycling. Recently, this process has attracted a great deal of attention for its fundamental effect on physiological processes in cells, tissues, and the maintenance of organismal homeostasis. Dysregulation of autophagy occurs in some diseases, including immune disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), as a serious microvascular complication of diabetes, is the main cause of visual loss in working-age adults worldwide. The pathogenic mechanisms of DR are thought to be associated with accumulation of oxidative stress, retinal cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and nutrient starvation. These factors are closely related to the regulation of autophagy under pathological conditions. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the potential role of autophagy in the progression of DR through different pathways. However, to date this role is not understood, and whether the altered level of autophagy flux protects DR, or instead aggravates the progression, needs to be explored. In this review, we explore the alterations and functions of autophagy in different retinal cells and tissues under DR conditions, and explain the mechanisms involved in DR progression. We aim to provide a basis on which DR associated stress-modulated autophagy may be understood, and to suggest novel targets for future therapeutic intervention in DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.