ArticleFrontiers in psychology2021
Inner Harmony as an Essential Facet of Well-Being: A Multinational Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping Anxiety, Stress, Depression, Resilience and Happiness in the Adolescent Population: A Network Analysis and Comparison by Sex.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- The Big, the Dark, and the Biopsychosocial Shades of Harmony: Personality Traits and Harmony in Life.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Language or rating scales based classifications of emotions: computational analysis of language and alexithymia.Npj mental health research · 2024Article
- Article
- Exercise Individually or as a Collective Family Activity? A Semi-Experimental Comparison on the Increase in Subjective Vitality and Happiness.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
- Mediating Role of PERMA Wellbeing in the Relationship between Insomnia and Psychological Distress among Nursing College Students.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Social equity perception and public mental health: a Chinese study with panel data.BMC psychology · 2023Article
- Uncovering Resilience Disparities among Religious Groups in Israel's Mass COVID-19 Vaccination Drive: Lessons Learned to the Post-COVID Era.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cultural values and changes in happiness in 78 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of data from the World Happiness Reports.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Article
- Psychological Capital, Well-being, and Distress of International Students.International journal for the advancement of counseling · 2022Article
- An Infectious Silver Lining: Is There a Positive Relationship Between Recovering From a COVID Infection and Psychological Richness of Life?Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Accelerating the science and practice of psychology beyond WEIRD biases: Enriching the landscape through Asian psychology.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Life Design Counseling: Theory, Methodology, Challenges, and Future Trends.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Existential Suffering in Palliative Care: An Existential Positive Psychology Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
- Beyond the "Third Wave of Positive Psychology": Challenges and Opportunities for Future Research.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Hard Work and Hopefulness: A Mixed Methods Study of Music Students' Status and Beliefs in Relation to Health, Wellbeing, and Success as They Enter Specialized Higher Education.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Mental Health, Well-Being, and Psychological Flexibility in the Stressful Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role of two models of well-being in the prediction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, namely PERMA and mature happiness. According to PERMA, well-being is mainly composed of five elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning in life, and achievement. Instead, mature happiness is understood as a positive mental state characterized by inner harmony, calmness, acceptance, contentment, and satisfaction with life. Rooted in existential positive psychology, this harmony-based happiness represents the result of living in balance between positive and negative aspects of one's life. We hypothesized that mature happiness would be a more prominent protective factor during the present pandemic than the PERMA composite. A total of 12,203 participants from 30 countries responded to an online survey including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the PERMA-Profiler, and the Mature Happiness Scale-Revised (MHS-R). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that PERMA and mature happiness were highly correlated, but nonetheless, they represented two separate factors. After controlling for demographic factors and country-level variables, both PERMA Well-being and MHS-R were negative predictors of psychological distress. Mature happiness was a better predictor of stress, anxiety, and general distress, while PERMA showed a higher prediction of depression. Mature happiness moderated the relation between the perceived noxious effects of the pandemic and all markers of distress (depression, anxiety, stress, and total DASS-21). Instead, PERMA acted as a moderator in the case of depression and stress. These findings indicate that inner harmony, according to the mature happiness theory, is an essential facet of well-being to be taken into consideration. The results of this study can also orient policies aimed to alleviate the negative effects of the pandemic on mental health through the promotion of well-being.
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