ArticleJournal of ginseng research2021
Enhancement of skin barrier and hydration-related molecules by protopanaxatriol in human keratinocytes.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xanthium strumarium L. extract attenuates TNF-α/IFN-γ- stimulated inflammation and promotes hyaluronan production on HaCaT keratinocytes.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
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- Hydroxytyrosol Improves UV-Induced Skin Photoaging via PI3K-AKT/MAPK/JAK-STAT and NF-κB Pathways: Insights From Keratinocytes and In Vivo Validation.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Article
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- Ginsenoside Rb2 modulates the skin barrier by targeting Src to regulate PI3K/Akt signaling in HaCaT cells.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Research progress on the mechanisms of Panax ginseng and its active components in maintaining skin homeostasis and disease intervention.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Red ginseng-derived components attenuate UVB-induced keratinocyte senescence via senomorphic mechanisms.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Cellular and molecular regulation of skin by ginseng and its bioactive Constituents: A review of studies from 2021 to 2025.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Beneficial Effects ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Influence of Oral Collagen Peptides on Skin Biophysical Properties in Humans: A Narrative Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
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- Cork By-Products as Bioactive Ingredients: From Waste Valorization to Pharmaceutical Prototypes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activities of protopanaxatriol.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Barrier Products for Topical Delivery-Insight into Efficacy Testing and Barrier-Boosting Compounds.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Orally Administered Edible Snail Extract Powder Enhances Skin Hydration via Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis and Barrier Gene Modulation in SKH-1 Hairless Mice.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Umbelliferone alleviates impaired wound healing and skin barrier dysfunction in high glucose-exposed dermal fibroblasts and diabetic skins.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Moisturizing Effects of Alcalase Hydrolysate Fractions fromMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Potential Skin Health Benefits of Abalone By-Products Suggested by Their Effects on MAPKS and PI3K/AKT/NF-kB Signaling Pathways in HDF and HaCaT Cells.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effect ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Chemical Differentiation and Quantitative Analysis of Black Ginseng Based on an LC-MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis Approach.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProtopanaxatriol (PPT) is a secondary intestinal metabolite of ginsenoside in ginseng. Although the effects of PPT have been reported in various diseases including cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases, the skin protective effects of PPT are poorly understood.
methodsHaCaT cells were treated with PPT in a dose-dependent manner. mRNA and protein levels which related to skin barrier and hydration were detected compared with retinol. Luciferase assay was performed to explore the relative signaling pathway. Western blot was conducted to confirm these pathways and excavated further signals.
resultsPPT enhanced the expression of filaggrin (FLG), transglutaminase (TGM)-1, claudin, occludin and hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS) -1, -2 and -3. The mRNA expression levels of FLG, TGM-1, HAS-1 and HAS-2 were suppressed under NF-κB inhibition. PPT significantly augmented NF-κB-luc activity and upregulated Src/AKT/NF-κB signaling. In addition, PPT also increased phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK, JNK and p38 and upstream MAPK activators (MEK and MKK). Furthermore, transcriptional activity of AP-1 and CREB, which are downstream signaling targets of MAPK, was enhanced by PPT.
conclusionPPT improves skin barrier function and hydration through Src/AKT/NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Therefore, PPT may be a valuable component for cosmetics or treating skin disorders.
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