SynthesisPharmacological reports : PR2021
Proton pump inhibitor on susceptibility to COVID-19 and its severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Pharmacological reports : PR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on optimizing the use of proton pump inhibitors: PPI stewardship.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2023Guideline
- Effect of colchicine on mortality in patients with COVID-19 - A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes & metabolic syndrome · 2022Pooled it
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor was associated with mortality reduction in COVID-19 - A systematic review and meta-analysis.Primary care diabetes · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Pre-hospital proton pump inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective case-control study.World journal of virology · 2025Article
- Analyzing Prescribing Trends of Gastric Acid Suppressants in the UK Using Segmented Regression: Evaluating the Influence of COVID-19 (2019-2024).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Children.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors.Chonnam medical journal · 2023Review
- Drug-Disease Severity and Target-Disease Severity Interaction Networks in COVID-19 Patients.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Proton pump inhibitor therapy usage and associated hospitalization rates and critical care outcomes of COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- No Evidence Indicates Famotidine Reduces the Risk of Serious Disease in COVID-19 Patients After Propensity Score Matching: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe negative impacts of proton pump inhibitor (PPI), including the risk of pneumonia and mortality, have been reported previously. This meta-analysis aimed to address the current interest of whether the administration of PPI could increase the susceptibility and risk of poor outcome in COVID-19.
methodsWe performed a systematic literature search from PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, and EuropePMC databases up until 3 December 2020. The main outcome was composite poor outcome which comprised of mortality and severe COVID-19. Severe COVID-19 in this study was defined as patients with COVID-19 that fulfill the criteria for severe CAP, including the need for intensive unit care or mechanical ventilation. The secondary outcome was susceptibility, based on cohort comparing COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative participants.
resultsThere were a total of 290,455 patients from 12 studies in this meta-analysis. PPI use was associated with increased composite poor outcome (OR 1.85 [1.13, 3.03], p = 0.014; I
conclusionThis meta-analysis showed a potential association between PPI use and composite poor outcome, but not susceptibility. PROSPERO ID: CRD42020224286.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.