The Curious Case of Avian Sex Determination.

Craig A Smith, Andrew T Major, Martin A Estermann

Abstract readComment

In one paragraph

Article in Trends in genetics : TIG, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

5citing papers in PubMed

4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

Single-cell analysis reveals cellular heterogeneity and molecular features during postnatal pig testis development.BMC genomics · 2025
Article
RETRACTED: Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism of Energy Metabolism in the Sex Differentiation of Chickens Based on Transcriptome Sequencing.Genes · 2024
Article
A Bird's-Eye View of Endangered Species Conservation: Avian Genomics and Stem Cell Approaches for Green Peafowl (Genes · 2023
Review
Dosage compensation of Z sex chromosome genes in avian fibroblast cells.Genome biology · 2023
Article
Genetic Regulation of Avian Testis Development.Genes · 2021
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

Comment on
Primary sex determination in birds depends on DMRT1 dosage, but gonadal sex does not determine adult secondary sex characteristics.2021

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Craig A SmithDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: craig.smith@monash.edu.

Andrew T MajorDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Martin A EstermannDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Monash University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ioannidis and colleagues show that the gene DMRT1 is the master regulator of testis development in the chicken. Yet, remarkably, when this gene is deleted in genetic males and gonads form ovaries, the body remains male. This debunks the notion that somatic sex is driven primarily by hormones in birds.

Indexed as

Sex Determination ProcessesTranscription FactorsAnimalsChickensGonadsMaleSex DifferentiationTranscription Factorsavian sexchicken embryoDMRT1gonadgonadal sex differentiationsex determination

Identifiers

PMID33838938

DOI10.1016/j.tig.2021.03.006

OpenAlexW3142198698

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.